Qantitative study on the olfactory signal transduction system

嗅觉信号转导系统的定量研究

基本信息

批准号：
10308035
负责人：
KURAHASHI Takashi
金额：
$ 14.58万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) Molecular mechanisms of olfactory transduction : Single olfactory receptor cells were dissociated by enzymatic treatment of the olfactory epithelium. Solitary cells were subjected for whole-cell version of the patch clamp method. Cells were repeatedly stimulated by odorants dissolved into the Ringer' s solution. The relation between odorant intensity and response showed a very high cooperativity. Furthermore, response induced by the photolysis of cytoplasmic caged cAMP expressed similar coooperativity. This indicates that the non-linear booting system exist at the level-of the ionic channel.(2) Molecular mechanisms of taste transduction : Single taste receptor cells were dissociated by enzymatic treatment of fungi form papillae and subjected for outside-out version of the patch clamp method. Membrane patches were repeatedly stimulated by quinine dissolved into the Ringer' s solution. Surprisingly, even with plane membranes, we could detect quinine responses. Bitter transduction is likely to be regulated by the direct gating of ionic channel.(3) Human olfaction changes during the menstrual cycle. The investigation was carried out by focusing on an index termed olfactory contrast which has been just proposed to evaluate the olfactory perceptive ability of the olfactory sensory neurons. We obtained the olfactory contrast from females with psychophysicaI tests. During their menstrual cycles, the olfactory contrast against the musk vapor increased rhythmically. Since these periods are closely related to the pregnancy of females and musk vapor is a typical candidate for the sex pheromones, the result may provide a possibility that the sexual mood of human is partly influenced by the change in the olfactory sensation.

（1）嗅觉转导的分子机制：通过酶促治疗嗅觉上皮细胞分离单个嗅觉受体细胞。对斑块夹法的全细胞版本进行孤立细胞。溶解在铃声溶液中的气味反复刺激细胞。气味强度和反应之间的关系表现出很高的合作性。此外，由细胞质笼营的光解诱导的反应表达了相似的均匀性。这表明非线性启动系统存在于离子通道级别。（2）味觉转导的分子机制：通过酶促处理真菌形式的乳头乳头，并对斑块夹法的外部版本进行酶促处理，从而解散了单个味觉受体细胞。奎宁溶解在铃声溶液中，反复刺激膜斑。令人惊讶的是，即使使用平面膜，我们也可以检测到奎宁反应。苦转导可能会受离子通道的直接门控调节。（3）月经周期中人类嗅觉变化。该研究是通过重点关注称为嗅觉对比的指数来进行的，该索引刚刚提出，以评估嗅觉感觉神经元的嗅觉感知能力。我们从女性进行了心理植物学测试的嗅觉对比。在月经周期中，与麝香蒸气的嗅觉对比有节奏地增加。由于这些时期与女性的怀孕密切相关，而麝香蒸气是性信息素的典型候选者，因此结果可能提供了人类的性情绪受到嗅觉变化的影响。