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The Problem of Rationality in Human Action

人类行为的理性问题

基本信息

批准号：
10410003
负责人：
IMAI Tomomasa
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) In order to understand the human action as a unified thing, it is most effective to take a viewpoint of interpretation (Auslegung) or understanding (Verstehen), which commands the unitary view for the multiple problems of rationality concerning the human action.(2) Rationality consists in anything but a static and eternal essence in itself which makes a monistic system Rather, it is in dynamic process in every moment, so the essentialistic point of view, which presuppose the rationality as something having already completed, is unmaintainable.(3) This kind of dynamic conception of raitonality makes it possible to explain the creativity and originality of technical skills, and not to regard it as something irrational, as not included in the previous system of rationality.(4) Moreover, otherness, as the outside of the rationality, should not be excluded as something unnarratable, but should be thematized concerning about how it trespasses upon the sphere of rationality. And at the same time, we need not, or rather cannot, abandon rationality. Rather the dynamic activity of narrating otherness unfolds in the domain of rationality. We believe that the problem of creativity is a variant of that of otherness.(5) When rationality evolves (or revolves) in the dynamic process, it inevitably leads to the problem of historicity. We can examine how the histiricity functions in the problem of otherness in the memories, problem of the multiplicity of cultural tradition and cultural activities, and see that it can provides a way of narrating the function of rationality in each case. But to what extent the historicity is 'rational', we cannot judge in this project We'd rather plan another research project and examine the logic of historicity (especailly in the problem of plurality multiplicity, relativitiy, contingency, and so on).

(1)要把人的行为理解为一个统一的事物，最有效的方法是用解释(Ausleung)或理解(Verstehen)的观点，对关于人类行为的理性的多重问题有统一的看法。(2)理性本身并不是一个静态的、永恒的本质，而是一个一元论的系统，它时刻处于动态的过程中，因此，把理性预设为已经完成的东西的本质主义观点是不可维系的。(3)这种动态的理性概念使解释技术技能的创造性和独创性成为可能，此外，作为理性之外的他者，不应被排除为不可叙述的东西，而应围绕他者如何侵入理性领域而进行主题化。与此同时，我们不需要，或者更确切地说，不能放弃理性。相反，叙述他者的动态活动是在理性领域展开的。我们认为，创造性问题是他性问题的变种。(5)当理性在动态过程中演变(或旋转)时，必然会导致历史性问题。我们可以考察历史如何在记忆中的差异性问题、文化传统和文化活动的多样性问题中发挥作用，并看到它在每一种情况下都提供了一种叙述理性功能的方式。但是历史性在多大程度上是“理性”的，我们不能在这个项目中判断，我们宁愿计划另一个研究项目，考察历史性的逻辑(特别是在多元多重性、相对性、偶然性等问题上)。