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Development of direct methanol fuel cell using a novel electrolyte membrane for automobiles

使用新型汽车电解质膜开发直接甲醇燃料电池

基本信息

批准号：
10450292
负责人：
NAKAO Shin-ichi
金额：
$ 9.02万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10450292/
关键词：
Plasma-graft polymerization Electrolyte membrane Fuel cell Methanol DMFC Automobile

项目摘要

Direct methanol solid polymer fuel cell (DMFC).is expected as a power source for automobiles, because fuel itself is liquid and response against load fluctuation win be fast, and weight of system will be light. However, following problems have also been addressed. Methanol transport through the electrolyte membrane and oxidized without make electrical energy. The operation temperature is too low for the catalytic reaction because of electrolyte thermal durability. When a polyelectrolyte membrane which shows high proton conductance, barrier property against methanol and high temperature durability till 200℃, is developed, DMFC system will be applied for electric automobile power source. In this study, a new polyelectrolyte membrane for DMFC was developed, and the membrane performances were evaluated as a new fuel cell system as a power for electric automobile. Using plasma-graft polymerization method, the new pore filling type solid electrolyte was prepared. The pore filling electrolyte … More polymer was covalently bonded to the pore surface of the substrate, and the substrate matrix maintains the structure of the membrane under high temperature, and the substrata matrix suppress the filling polymer swelling against the feed. The swelling suppression leads to barrier property against methanol transport. The polymer morphology and properties were maintained till the temperature that it thermally decomposed. Acrylic acid and sodium vinylsulfonate were polymerized in the porous polytetrafluoroethylene substrate of which the heat-resistance is high, and an electrolyte film was synthesized. The grafted polymer was formed in the substrate pores, and the grafted polymer formation profile can be controlled by changing plasma treatment and grafting conditions.To introduce sulfonate group in the electrolyte grafted polymer, the electric charge repulsion must be decreased. Salt was added in the monomer solution, and the salt effectively decrease the repulsion effect, and polyelectrolyte with relatively high sulfonate group density can be obtained with the salt addition. Prepared membrane showed relatively high proton conductance. Finally, the pore filling polyelectrolyte showed the methanol transport resistance at high temperature around 200℃. Less

直接甲醇固体聚合物燃料电池（DMFC）由于燃料本身为液态，对负载波动响应快，系统重量轻，有望成为汽车的动力源。然而，也解决了以下问题。甲醇通过电解质膜传输并被氧化而不产生电能。由于电解质的耐热性，操作温度对于催化反应来说太低。开发出具有高质子传导率、甲醇阻隔性和200℃高温耐久性的质子交换膜后，直接甲醇燃料电池系统将可应用于电动汽车电源。本研究开发了一种新型的DMFC隔膜，并将其作为电动汽车的动力系统，对其性能进行了评价。采用等离子体接枝聚合法制备了新型填孔型固体电解质。孔隙填充电解质 ...更多信息聚合物共价键合到基底的孔表面，并且基底基质在高温下保持膜的结构，并且基底基质抑制填充聚合物对进料的溶胀。溶胀抑制导致对甲醇传输的阻隔性。聚合物的形态和性能保持到其热分解的温度。在耐热性高的聚四氟乙烯多孔基体上聚合丙烯酸和乙烯基磺酸钠，合成了电解质膜。接枝聚合物在基体孔中形成，通过改变等离子体处理和接枝条件可以控制接枝聚合物的形成曲线，在电解质接枝聚合物中引入磺酸基，必须降低电荷排斥。在单体溶液中加入盐，盐的加入有效地降低了排斥效应，可以得到磺酸基密度较高的共聚物。制备的膜具有较高的质子电导率。最后，在200℃左右的高温条件下，孔隙填充型催化剂表现出了甲醇迁移阻力.少