Comparative study on Festivals: City Festivals and Village Festivals

节日比较研究：城市节日与乡村节日

• 批准号: 10610026
• 负责人: TAKEZAWA Shoichiro
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10610026/
• 关键词: festival; Kagura; social function of religion; community; religious changes; modemization; city festivals; identity; 宗教と生業; 共同社会; 村おこし; 宗教と身体性; 宗教人類学; 宗教社会学; シンボリズム; 文化的支配; 都市管理

This is a comparative study on festivals. We have chosen and observed two kinds of festivals, city festivals and village festivals. For the city festivals, we have observed and even participated in two festivals held in Fukuoka city(Hakata Gion Yamakasa which began, they say, 750 years ago, and Hakata Dontaku Minato Matsuri which has also a long history). For the village festivals, we have assisted at Tugao Kagura performed in Siiba village in Miyazaki prefecture.Two kinds of festivals have common features: they contribute to realize a social and cohesive function, which can overpass the inner cleavages such as senior/junior, made/female, participant/observer, etc. On the other hand, they have some different functions. The village festivals have maintained a close connection with the occupations of villagers; this connection being loosen through the process of modernization of Japanese society, the villagers makes them a base of their identity in performing these festivals inherited from their ancestors. The city festivals have been activated in order to attract the human and natural resources from the surrounding communities ; so the city festivals have a tendency to become more activated and showier. These functions of festivals aren't yet analyzed, so our study has a chance to be much estimated.

这是一项关于节日的比较研究。我们选择并观察了两种节日，城市节日和乡村节日。关于城市庆典，我们参加了福冈市举办的两个庆典（据说是750年前开始的博多祇园山笠，以及历史悠久的博多栋宅美娜多祭）。在村祭方面，我们协助了在宫崎县寺坝村演出的“神乐图高”。这两种祭典有共同的特点：一方面，它们有助于实现社会凝聚功能，可以跨越年长者/年轻者、被造者/女性、参与者/观察者等内在分裂;另一方面，它们也有一些不同的功能。乡村节日与村民的职业保持着密切的联系，这种联系随着日本社会的现代化进程而逐渐松动，村民们在履行这些从祖先那里继承下来的节日时，将其作为自己的身份基础。城市节庆活动的活跃是为了吸引周边社区的人力和自然资源，因此城市节庆活动有着更加活跃和热闹的趋势。节日的这些功能还没有被分析，所以我们的研究有机会被更多的估计。

项目成果

SEKI Kazutoshi, ed.,: "Mlnzoku no Kotaba(Words and Folklore)"Asakura Shuppan. 320. (1998)

关一俊主编：“Mlnzoku no Kotaba（文字和民间传说）”Asakura Shuppan。

TAKEZAWA Shoichiro, ed.,: "kyushu no Matsuri(The Festivals in Kyushu)1 Hakata no Matsuri(Festivals in Hakata)"Center for Comparative Studies of Religions, Kyushu University. 181. (1999)

竹泽正一郎主编：《九州之祭1 博多之祭》九州大学宗教比较研究中心。

竹沢尚一郎編: "都市祭礼研究の課題と可能性"宗教と社会. 別冊. 80-116 (1999)

竹泽昭一郎主编：“城市节日研究的挑战和可能性”《宗教与社会》单独卷80-116（1999）。

関 一敏: "ことばの民俗学は可能か" 現代民俗学の視点. 2. 1-29 (1998)

Kazutoshi Seki：“语言的民间传说可能吗？”2. 1-29 (1998)

竹沢尚一郎: "博多祇園山笠"季刊民族学. 84号. 3-45 (1998)

Shoichiro Takezawa：《博多祗园山笠》季刊民族学第 84. 3-45 期（1998 年）。