The process of momentary diffusion of members' behavioral patterns in a collectivity

集体成员行为模式瞬间扩散的过程

基本信息

批准号：
10610126
负责人：
KUGIHARA Naoki
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
Kyushu Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

With regard to this theme, the following four studies were conducted.1. The first study examined the effects of group size (12 vs 24 subjects) and percentage of the subjects starting with majority behavior (50 %, 67 %, 83 %) upon the process of achieving behavioral uniformity. Each subjects was given a B5 size card having different colors on the front and the back and showed either side of the cards to others. Subjects shared the goal of achieving uniformity by selecting one of two color options. Analysis indicated that (1)group size did not affect time to complete unanimity, (2)transition probability toward majority was dependent upon not only the percentage of individuals at a given moment but also the percentage of the subjects in the beginning.2. The second study models escape behavior in emergency situations and compare the ability of deindividuation and social identity-based explanations. The former suggests an unconscious or unregulated process whereas the latter implies a more conscious and socially regulated process. The results suggest the conscious process of the norm formation and spread3. On June 13, 1996 Garuda Indonesia Airlines Flight 865 failed to take off from Fukuoka International Airport and crashed. The third study has examined the impact on group rationality according to the differences in degrees of threat caused by physical factors (i.e., fire and smoke, destruction of the cabin) and human factors. The result revealed that the physical threat did not lower the degree of group rationality but rather raised it. Family ties were not destroyed, and ordinary leadership roles and helping behavior became more apparent in the severely damaged area of the plane.4. The fourth study investigated gender difference in diffusion of social loafing among men and women in Japan. The results showed that the women tended to loaf less than men.

关于此主题，进行了以下四项研究。1。第一项研究检查了群体规模（12 vs 24受试者）和从多数行为（50％，67％，83％）开始的受试者的影响对实现行为均匀性的过程。给每个受试者的B5尺寸卡在正面和背面都有不同的颜色，并向其他人展示了卡的任何一侧。受试者通过选择两种颜色选项之一，分享了实现统一性的目标。分析表明，（1）群体规模不影响完成一致性的时间，（2）对多数人的过渡概率不仅取决于给定时刻的个体百分比，而且还取决于开始时受试者的百分比。第二项研究模型逃脱了紧急情况下的行为，并比较了个人化和基于社会身份的解释的能力。前者提出了一个无意识或不受管制的过程，而后者则意味着更有意识和受社会监管的过程。结果暗示了规范形成和散布的有意识过程3。 1996年6月13日，印度尼西亚Garuda航空公司865航班未能从福冈国际机场起飞并坠毁。第三项研究根据由物理因素（即火灾和烟雾，机舱破坏）和人为因素造成的威胁程度的差异来研究对群体理性的影响。结果表明，物理威胁并没有降低群体理性的程度，而是提出了这一点。家庭关系没有被破坏，普通领导角色和帮助行为在飞机严重受损的地区变得更加明显。4。第四项研究调查了日本男性和女性社会闲逛扩散的性别差异。结果表明，这些妇女倾向于比男性小面包。