权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

A Comparative Study of the Impact of General Education Curricula Reform on Universities between the US and Japan

美日通识教育课程改革对大学影响的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
10610294
负责人：
YOSHIDA Aya
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
National Institute of Multimedia Education
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10610294/
关键词：
general education higher education curricula

项目摘要

The aim of this study is to examine the structure of general education curricula in Japanese universities and the US universities. The following findings are obtained.(1) Undergraduate curricula in the US universities are composed of three parts : general education, major, and electives. In them, general education is assumed as the core part of undergraduate education because of its historical tradition as liberal education. Majors are the late comer but have predominant position.(2) The ideas of general education are breadth and coherence. It has been almost impossible to be compatible between breadth and coherence in general education because of distribution requirement and department system. In spite of this, the curriculum reforms in the US have been conducted to seek the compatibility of these two ideas.(3) General education has been positioned in the first stage of university education so a part of it has been exchanged by remedial education. This situation recently becomes a big burden of general education.(4) The tradition of liberal education has caused cultural wars in universities. This shows what has been assumed as high culture in the US.(5) The notion of liberal education is seen in the difference between BA and BS as the type of undergraduate degrees. Even though the same programs of study for instance computer science, the BA is likely to focus on wide range of study requirement and the BS is likely to focus on engineering field of study.During the two years, four papers has been published in scholarly journals and one book which is translation has been published.

本研究旨在探讨日本大学与美国大学通识教育课程的结构。获得了以下发现。(1)美国大学的本科课程由三部分组成：通识教育、专业和选修课。由于通识教育作为自由教育的历史传统，通识教育被认为是本科教育的核心部分。专业是后发优势专业。(2)通识教育的理念是广泛性和连贯性。由于分布要求和科系体制的原因，通识教育的广度与连贯性几乎不可能兼容。尽管如此，美国的课程改革也在寻求这两种理念的兼容。(3)通识教育被定位于大学教育的第一阶段，因此一部分通识教育被补习教育所取代。这种情况最近成为通识教育的一大负担。(4)自由教育的传统在大学里引发了文化战争。这表明了美国被认为是高雅文化的东西。(5)通识教育的概念被认为是在BA和BS之间的差异作为本科学位的类型。尽管学习的课程相同，例如计算机科学，但BA可能会专注于广泛的学习要求，而BS可能会专注于工程领域的研究。在这两年中，在学术期刊上发表了四篇论文，并出版了一本翻译书籍。