Basic Research on Civil Responsibility of Senior Officers of Cooperatives

合作社高级管理人员民事责任的基础研究

• 批准号: 10620038
• 负责人: YOSHIMOTO Ken-ichi
• 金额: $ 1.02万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10620038/
• 关键词: non-profit organization; cooperative; limited liability; senior officer; civil responsibility; corporate governance

In this research project, I have studied the civil responsibility of senior officers of non-profit organization, especially cooperatives.The cooperative is an organization which is a non-profit association with a legal personality and a principle of limited liability of members. There are some legal and structural problems of cooperatives. Firstly, members of a cooperative can retire from it freely and require the pay back of their shares in assets of a cooperative despite of members' limited liability. At this point, there should be a critical argument against the case law which admits the appreciation of assets of a cooperative by current value.Secondly, a cooperative can collect money for expenses from its members despite of members' limited liability. But this means a sort of trade-offs between a limited liability principle and members' liability for expaences. We should reexamine the concept of expenses.Thirdly, a cooperative has a structural defects on so-called corporate governance because of non-transferability of its shares.

在这个研究项目中，我研究了非营利组织，尤其是合作社高层管理人员的民事责任。合作社是具有法人资格和成员有限责任原则的非营利性协会组织。合作社存在一些法律和结构上的问题。首先，合作社成员可以自由退出合作社，并要求偿还其在合作社资产中的股份，尽管合作社成员负有有限责任。在这一点上，应该有一个关键的论点反对判例法，它承认合作社的资产增值的现值。第二，合作社可以向其成员收取费用，尽管成员负有有限责任。但这意味着在有限责任原则和成员的经验责任之间进行某种权衡。我们应该重新审视开支的概念。第三，由于股份不可转让，合作社在所谓的公司治理上存在结构性缺陷。