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Research for Global Control Mechanism of Japanese MNEs

日本跨国企业全球控制机制研究

基本信息

批准号：
10630106
负责人：
ITAGAKI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
Musashi University (1999-2001)Saitama University (1998)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to examine international activities of Japanese Multinationals and the structure and the function of global control mechanism of them. We have executed a field study, including interviews with staff concerned international operations and expatriates of foreign subsidiaries of Japanese companies, since we need informal data and information as well as information of formal corporate structure. Many Japanese Multinationals have relied on one to one relationship between headquarters or mother plants and foreign affiliated companies rather than global control mechanism. Since early 1990s, however, Japanese Multinationals can not correspond the managerial environment strategically by this kind of corporate structures and information processing style. This research is based on this motif. Following is major points of the report of this research. Firstly, we characterize the Japanese Multinationals as the paradox between their high-performance operational efficiency and their low-performance profitability. This characteristics are closely related to the features of control mechanism of Japanese multinationals, that is, high ratio of expatriate employees, significance of informal communication, and their tendency to leave much of the strategic and business decision-making in the hands of the parent companies. Secondly, We discuss the significance of foreign direct investment under structural transformation of Japanese economy, which determine the operation of Japanese Multinationals. Thirdly, we demonstrate the actual conditions of the characteristics and control mechanism of Japanese Multinationals, by examining the behavior of them under Asian economic crisis. Finally, we examine the global control mechanism, through case study of the development of European operations of Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd, which is one of the leading Japanese Multinationals.

本研究的目的是考察日本跨国公司的国际活动及其全球控制机制的结构和功能。由于我们需要非正式的数据和信息，以及正式的公司结构信息，我们进行了一项实地研究，包括采访有关国际业务的员工和日本公司海外子公司的外籍人士。许多日本跨国公司一直依赖总部或母厂与外国附属公司之间的一对一关系，而不是全球控制机制。然而，自20世纪90年代初以来，日本跨国公司已经不能通过这种公司结构和信息处理方式在战略上与管理环境相匹配。本研究正是基于这一主题展开的。以下是这份研究报告的要点。首先，我们将日本跨国公司描述为其高绩效运营效率和低绩效盈利能力之间的悖论。这一特点与日本跨国公司控制机制的特点密切相关，即外派员工比例高，非正式沟通的重要性，以及他们倾向于将大部分战略和商业决策留在母公司手中。其次，我们讨论了外商直接投资在日本经济结构转型中的意义，外商直接投资决定了日本跨国公司的经营。第三，通过考察日本跨国公司在亚洲金融危机下的行为，论证了日本跨国公司的特征和控制机制的实际情况。最后，我们通过对日本领先跨国公司松下电机工业株式会社欧洲业务发展的案例研究，考察了全球控制机制。