Relationship between the occurrence of vibriosis in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) and freshwater amphipods (Jesogammarus annandalei) which migrate vertically in Lake Biwa.

由鳗弧菌引起的弧菌病几乎每年都会对日本琵琶湖的淡水鱼(鲑鱼)造成严重危害。这种病原体的生长需要氯化钠。当病原菌暴露在消毒的陈年湖水中时，它失去了可培养能力，而不会失去呼吸活性。虽然这种生理状态看起来像是VBNC，但即使在宿主鱼体内，它们也不能复苏。由于这些细胞完全失去了致病性，类似VBNC的状态可能正在走向死亡。黑暗、寒冷和厌氧等环境因素帮助病原体在淡水中存活，而不进入不可培养状态。可培养鳗弧菌细胞是从垂直迁徙的淡水两足类(Jesogammarus Annandalei)等浮游样品中检测到的。这表明淡水双足类在鳗弧菌向最终宿主阿育的侵染过程中起到了中间宿主的作用。

Vibriosis caused by Vibrio anguillarum seriously damages freshwater fish (Salmoniforms) almost every year in Lake Biwa, Japan. This pathogen requires NaCl for its growth. When the pathogen was exposed to sterilized aged lake water, it lost its culturability without loosing respiratory activity. Although this physiological state looks like "VBNC", they could not resuscitate even in host fish bodies. As these cells totally lost their pathogenicity, the VBNC-like state is probably on the way to death. Environmental factors such as darkness, coldness and anaerobiosis helped the pathogen to survive in freshwater without getting into nonculturable state. Culturable V. anguillarum cells were detected from planktonic samples such as freshwater amphipods (Jesogammarus annandalei), which migrate vertically. This indicates that freshwater amphipods have roles as intermediate hosts in the infectious process of V. anguillarum, which were deposited on the bottom sediments, to the final host, ayu.