Agricultural Organizations in Transition Economies

本研究考察了农业生产效率的决定因素。政策影响是根据对东欧、中欧和中亚的数据进行统计分析的结果得出的。以下是我通过这个研究项目所取得的成果。首先，我调查了关于转型经济中农业发展主题的现有文献。农业市场自由化程度和生产、营销和加工组织私有化程度的差异产生了农业绩效的广泛多样性，这一事实通过本综述得到了证实。第二，分别从匈牙利和乌兹别克斯坦获得了一组横截面数据。为了进行统计分析，创建了一个数据库。第三，利用回归分析确定了私营农场绩效差异的决定因素。在这两个经济体中，私人农场被证实对价格敏感。研究发现，教育等非经济变量是解释农业生产中经济活动差异的重要因素。研究发现，投入和产出市场的扭曲是转型经济中农业生产者非营利性最大化行为的一个原因。第四，从这些分析中得出政策含义。确定了降低市场扭曲的政策需要。第五，撰写研究论文并在1999年日本农业经济学会会议、国际农场管理协会第12届大会和1999年欧洲农业经济学会会议上发表。

In this study, determinants of the efficiency in agricultural production have been examined. Policy implications were derived based upon the findings from statistical analyses of the data from Eastern and Central Europe and Central Asia. The followings are what I have achieved through this research project.First, I surveyed the existing literature on the topics of agricultural development in transition economies. The fact that the difference in the extent of the liberalization of agricultural markets and privatization of production, marketing and processing organizations has produced a wide range of the diversity in the performance of agriculture was confirmed through this reviewSecond, a set of cross-sectional data was obtained from Hungary and Uzbekistan, respectively. A database was created in order to perform statistical analyses.Third, determinants of the difference in the performance of private farms were identified using regression analyses. Private farms were confirmed to be price responsive in these two economies. Non-economic variables such as education were found to be the important factors in explaining the difference in economic activities in agricultural production, Distortions in input and output markets were found to be a blame for non-profit maximizing behavior of agricultural producers in transition economies.Fourth, policy implicaations were derived from these analyses. The policy need for lowering market distortions was identified.Fifth, research papers were written and presented at the 1999 Agricultural Economics Association of Japan's meeting, the 12th Congress of the International Farm Management Association and the 1999 European Agricultural Economics Associatioris meetings.