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Biomechanical study on the development of optimization system for sports techniques

运动技术优化系统开发的生物力学研究

基本信息

批准号：
10680011
负责人：
AE Michiyoshi
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purposes of this study were to use the optimization loop for the improvement of techniques of medicine-ball throwing, standing long jump and sprint running and to examine the possibility of using Software for Interactive Musculoskeletal Modeling, MusculoGraphics Inc., henceforth SIMM, for the optimization system.Subjects throwing a medicine-ball in a overhead manner and subjects performing a standing long jump were analyzed and compared before and after the technical training with a videography and a force platform technique. The results indicated that the biomechanical optimization loop of sports techniques used was effective not only in the analysis of sports techniques but also in technical training and drawing suggestions for improvement.Thirteen sprinters voluntarily participated in the technical training of sprint running with the optimization system for three weeks. Based on the analysis of their sprint motion, they were pointed out technical faults and limiting factors in t … More heir motion, i.e. delayed recovery of the leg, collapse of the support leg, and so on. In training session, the images of their sprint motion were displayed on a VTR display in every trial of sprint running . The subjects except one subject improved the velocity of sprinting and showed the changes in the sprint motion, although the types of the changes were various. Biomechanical analysis of changes in motion indicated that most of the subjects increased their stride frequency and mechanical energy flow to the thigh by the hip joint force power.Two male middle distance runners were investigated with an inverse dynamics method and SIMM.Comparison of joint torques, joint torque powers, the muscle torques of the lower limb muscles during the support phase with both techniques indicated that SIMM could estimate the muscle torque of each muscle unit, basing on mechanical properties of the skeletal muscles and that SIMM is subject to no small revisions and modification of the parameters of muscle properties for effective use in the optimization system of sports techniques. Less

本研究的目的是利用最佳化回路来改善掷药球、立定跳远和短跑的技术，并检验使用交互式肌肉骨骼建模软件的可能性，采用录像技术和力量平台技术，对被试头顶抛药球和立定跳远技术训练前后进行分析比较。结果表明：运动技术生物力学优化循环不仅对运动技术分析，而且对技术训练和提出改进建议都是有效的，13名短跑运动员自愿参加了3周的短跑技术训练。通过对他们短跑动作的分析，指出了他们在短跑中的技术缺陷和限制因素， ...更多信息在训练过程中，每次短跑试验都将其短跑动作的图像显示在录像机上。除一名被试外，其余被试的短跑速度都有提高，短跑动作也有变化，但变化的类型各不相同。运动变化的生物力学分析表明，大多数受试者通过髋关节力功率增加了步频和流向大腿的机械能，采用逆动力学方法和SIMM对两名男子中长跑运动员进行了研究，比较了关节力矩、关节力矩功率、两种技术在支撑阶段下肢肌肉的肌肉扭矩表明SIMM可以估计每个肌肉单位的肌肉扭矩，基于骨骼肌的力学特性，SIMM对肌肉特性参数进行了不小的修正和修改，以有效地用于运动技术的优化系统。少