Biomechanical study for the estimation of the occurrence and the prevention of lower limb injury in athletes

运动员下肢损伤发生及预防的生物力学研究

• 批准号: 16300201
• 负责人: AE Michiyoshi
• 金额: $ 8.57万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16300201/
• 关键词: gait; biomechanics; motion analysis; athletes; asymmetry; motion deviation; 立位姿勢; 非対称性; アシンメトリー

The purpose of this study was to obtain basic findings for the estimation of the occurrence and the prevention of lower limb injury in athletes, investigating the relationship between pains in the lower limb and biomechanical parameters in gait. The three-dimensional motion analysis was applied to gait analysis for 200 male athletes with and without pains in the lower limb. Based on the location of pains in the lower limb which were self-reported, the subjects were divided into five groups: No pain, back pain, hip pain, knee pain and ankle pain. The biomechanical parameters of the lower limb joints were computed from data collected with 3D motion capturing system Vicon. The kinematics and kinetics, symmetry and asymmetry, motion deviation from averaged data of the lower limb joints during gait from no pain group were used to investigate the relationships between the location of pain and the parameters. The major results obtained were summarized as follows.1) The back pain group was cha … More racterized by the greater motion deviation in the torque of the hip flexion and extension during the support phase. This may be caused by the greater torque and power exertion of the hip extensors than the no pain group which may have contributed to prevent from excess forward inclination of the trunk and to stabilize the posture so as to decrease the load on the back and hips.2) The hip pain groups showed the greater motion deviation in the torques of the hip flexion and extension and the dorsi-plantar flexion during the support phase. This suggests that the subjects may have inhibited the greater hip extension which may induce the hip pain by reducing power exertion of the plantar flexors, with exerting the greater hip flexion torque.3) The knee pain group showed the greater motion deviation in the torque of hip abductors during the support phase. The subjects may have exerted the greater negative torque power of the hip abductors to compensate the decreased negative torque power of the knee extensors which may be caused by the knee pain.4) The ankle pain group showed the greater motion deviation in the torque of the dorsi-plantar flexion. Unlikely to the subjects of the other groups, the subjects of this group exerted greater plantar flexion torque in the pain-side limb than that of the non-pain-side limb. It is inferred that they may have unconsciously exerted the greater torque power at the ankle to stabilize balance during the support phase and sustain the gait pattern as normal as possible.These findings suggest that scrutinizing asymmetry and motion deviation in the lower limb joints during gait helps the estimation of the occurrence and the prevention of the lower limb injury for athletes Less

本研究的目的是为运动员下肢损伤的发生和预防提供基本依据，探讨步态生物力学参数与下肢疼痛之间的关系。应用三维运动分析方法，对200名男性运动员进行了有、无下肢疼痛的步态分析。根据自我报告的肢体疼痛的位置，受试者被分为五组：无痛组、背痛组、臀痛组、膝痛组和踝痛组。用三维运动捕捉系统VICON采集数据，计算出各关节的生物力学参数。采用运动学与动力学、对称性与不对称性、运动偏离平均值等指标，研究疼痛部位与参数之间的关系。主要研究结果如下：1)背痛组为CHA-…在支撑阶段，髋关节屈伸扭矩的运动偏差更大。这可能是由于髋关节伸肌的扭矩和力量消耗较无痛组大所致，这可能有助于防止躯干过度前倾，稳定体位以减轻背部和髋部的负荷。2)髋关节疼痛组在支撑阶段的髋屈伸扭矩和背底屈曲扭矩的运动偏差较大。这表明受试者可能通过减少足底屈肌的力量消耗，施加较大的髋屈曲扭矩，抑制了可能导致髋关节疼痛的较大的髋关节伸展。3)膝关节疼痛组在支撑阶段髋外展肌的扭矩运动偏差较大。受试者可能施加了较大的髋外展肌负扭矩功率，以补偿膝关节疼痛可能导致的伸膝肌负扭矩功率的下降。4)踝关节疼痛组背底屈曲扭矩的运动偏差较大。与其他组的受试者不同，这组受试者在疼痛侧肢体施加的足底屈曲扭矩比非疼痛侧肢体大。这些发现提示，运动员在步态过程中，仔细观察腿部关节的不对称性和运动偏差，对于判断和预防运动损伤的发生有较大的帮助