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Analysis of Communication in Family and Civil Mediation

家事与民事调解中的沟通分析

基本信息

批准号：
10831007
负责人：
KASHIMURA Shiro
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Processes of dispute resolution in law are divided into 2 types, i.e. resolution based on consensus among disputants and resolution based on authoritative decision. When the process of dispute resolution is based on consensus, the initiation and processing of dispute resolution is conbined with disputants' recognition and voluntary reception of the related rules. However, even when the process' outcome is based on declaration of authoritative decision, the reception of the process and interpretation of the outcome is not frequently connected to disputants voluntary committments to the process. In this study, we have investigated theoretical and empirical foundations for consensus-oriented communication in settings of potential and actual disputes, utilising insights of ethnometnodology and conversation analysis : (1) We reviewed theoretical and empirical achievements of studies in sociology of law in Japan. (2) As a result of study (1), we found that communication is rather a neglected … More subject. We went on to develop a thourough syndiesis of insights and findings scattering among the field. We concluded that communication is not a mere consequence or parts of legal process but a foundational dimension of legal settings. (3) The aforementioned theoretical proposals are examined, firstly, as to the process of legal counseling where a potential or actual disputant comes and sees a professional advisor of law. Then secondly, we investigated communication in the simulated mediation where a dispute-resolver (or a trouble-shooter) and the disputants talk and examine the case of trouble. We found that different sets of conversational sequence (series of utterrances) characterise each of those processes, whereas at the same time, those utterances informed the parties to the counseling process of the very existence and nature of the same situation. (4) Then we institute a quasi-experimental study of norm utilisation in everyday settings and found that in everyday situations norms are referred and used differently than instituional legal settings. In the results of the series of theoretical and empirical studies, our theoretical arguments and empirical findings convincingly support the proposition that comminication constitues a fundamental and foundational dimension for legal interaction. Less

法律上的纠纷解决程序分为两种类型，即基于争议各方协商一致的解决程序和基于权威决定的解决程序。当争端解决过程以协商一致为基础时，争端解决的发起和处理与争端当事人对相关规则的承认和自愿接受相结合。然而，即使进程的结果是以宣布权威决定为基础的，对进程的接受和对结果的解释并不经常与争议各方对进程的自愿承诺联系在一起。在本研究中，我们利用民族学和会话分析的观点，探讨了在潜在和实际争端背景下，以共识为导向的沟通的理论和经验基础：(1)回顾了日本法律社会学研究的理论和经验成果。(2)由于研究(1)，我们发现沟通是一个被忽视的…主题性更强。我们继续开发了散布在该领域的见解和发现的粗略概要。我们的结论是，沟通不仅仅是法律程序的一个结果或部分，而是法律环境的一个基本层面。(3)对上述理论建议进行了考察，首先是关于法律咨询的过程，即潜在的或实际的争议人来见专业的法律顾问。其次，我们考察了纠纷解决者(或问题解决者)和争端解决者在模拟调解中的交流，并对纠纷案例进行了审查。我们发现，不同的会话序列(一系列话语)表征了这些过程中的每一个，而与此同时，这些话语向咨询过程的参与者告知了同样情况的存在和性质。(4)然后我们对日常环境中的规范使用进行了准实验研究，发现在日常情况下，规范的指代和使用与制度性法律环境不同。在一系列理论和实证研究的结果中，我们的理论论证和经验发现令人信服地支持了这一命题，即沟通构成了法律互动的基本和基础维度。较少