Medieval Philosophy of Language and Logic : its Origin and Development

中世纪语言哲学和逻辑哲学:它的起源和发展

• 批准号: 10301001
• 负责人: SHIMIZU Tetsuro
• 金额: $ 9.41万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10301001/
• 关键词: Liberal Arts; Medieval Philosophy; Philosophy of Language and Logic; Logic; Grammar; LOGOS; Ancient Philosophy; History of christian thoughts; 記号論; オッカム; 中世論理学; アンセルムス; アベラルドゥス; ストア論理学; ディアレクティケー

1. As to the origin of western medieval philosophy of language and logic, we have investigated, first, the mathematical and geometrical tradition originated from Pytagoreans, and logical point of view founded by Parmenides, as well as the tradition of Aristotelian logic ; secondly, the tradition of the logos that lies behind the phenomena of nature, and thirdly into the role of Stoic logic with reference to the medieval logic, and found out some significant relationships between stoic logic and St. Augustin's theory of language. Moreover, we have found out an important role of christian theory of words, which is behind the medieval theory of ideas of things in God before the creation, and which can be the basis for the theory of performative force of words, or the activity of words in communication as well.2. As to the development of the medieval philosophy of language, we have investigated, first, the beginning of the school education at Carolingian period, where the theory of language can be seen in the effort of making consistency between the theory of grammar and that of dialectic ; secondly, the development in late 11th and 12th centuries, which was deeply connected with the political stories between the schools of Paris. We also found out that the idea of words as conceptual entities, not only vocal ones, is brought into the dialectic on the basis of christian thought of God's speaking. Many other points have been found out concerning the theory of logic and language working in the field of theology and metaphysics.3. Investigations into the history of perspectivism and anti-perspectivism, or into the books of emblems have been done, by which we have become able to look over the range of the field that the philosophy of language and logic belongs to.

1.关于西方中世纪语言哲学和逻辑哲学的起源，我们首先考察了起源于毕达哥拉斯学派的数学和几何传统，巴门尼德创立的逻辑观点，以及亚里士多德的逻辑传统;第二，自然现象背后的逻各斯传统，第三，斯多葛派逻辑相对于中世纪逻辑的作用，发现斯多葛逻辑与圣奥古斯丁语言理论之间的一些重要联系。此外，我们还发现了基督教的话语理论的重要作用，它是中世纪创世前上帝的观念理论的背后，它可以成为话语的施为力理论的基础，也可以成为话语在交流中的活动的基础。关于中世纪语言哲学的发展，我们首先考察了在法国的学校教育的开端，在那里，语言理论可以被看作是在语法理论和辩证法理论之间取得一致的努力;其次，在11世纪末和12世纪的发展，这与巴黎学校之间的政治故事有着深刻的联系。我们还发现，作为概念实体的词的想法，而不仅仅是声音的，被纳入辩证法的基础上，基督教思想的上帝的发言。许多其他点已经发现了关于理论的逻辑和语言的工作领域的神学和形而上学。3.人们已经对透视主义和反透视主义的历史进行了研究，或者对实证主义的著作进行了研究，通过这些研究，我们已经能够审视语言哲学和逻辑哲学所属的领域范围。

项目成果

IWAKUMA Yukio: "Pierre Abelard et Guillaume de Champeaux dans les premieres annees du XIIe sciele : une etude preliminaire"Joel Biard, ed., Langage, sciences, philosophie au XII^e siecle, Paris, Vrin. 93-123 (1999)

岩隈幸雄：“Pierre Abelard et Guillaume de Champeaux dans les Premieres annees du XIIe sciele : une etude preliminaire”乔尔·比亚德 (Joel Biard) 编辑，《十二世纪语言、科学、哲学》，巴黎，弗林。

加藤和哉: "未完の学としての神学-トマス・アクィナスにおける「聖なる教え」"中世思想研究. 42. 35-53 (2000)

加藤和也：“神学作为一门未完成的科学——托马斯·阿奎那的‘神圣教义’”中世纪思想研究，42. 35-53 (2000)。

花井一典: "神秘主義の彼方に-エックハルトの超越概念論への一考察-"北海道大学文学部紀要. 48-3. 1-14 (2000)

花井和典：“超越神秘主义——埃克哈特先验概念理论研究”北海道大学文学院通报48-3（2000）。

樋笠勝士: "記号論と解釈論-ストア学派の言語探求の重層性"神田外語大学紀要. 11. 173-188 (1999)

Katsushi Hikasa：“符号学与解释 - 斯多葛学派的多层语言学研究”神田外国语大学公告 11. 173-188 (1999)。

Hiroko YAMAZAKI: "Ordinis Pulchritudo and Evil in St.Anselm's Cur Deus Homo"Studia Anselmiana. 128. 709-715 (1999)

山崎宏子：“St.Anselms Cur Deus Homo 中的 Ordinis Pulchritudo 和邪恶”Studia Anselmiana。