Influences of Fragrance on the Subjective Emotion and Social Cognition

1.香水感知：1)对103名女大学生的4种不同香水进行了语义区分法得分的析因分析。结果表明，香水从愉快-不愉快、放松-兴奋和响亮-安静3个维度进行评价。2)香水不会引起任何特定的颜色意象。语言压力和气味：1)吸入主观偏好的气味导致参与者在休息时的焦虑程度比没有气味的人降低得更多。2)在语言压力之前、期间和之后连续测量血压和心跳间歇。在言语应激过程中，血压和心率会增加。快速傅立叶变换分析显示，心脏交感神经活性增加，心脏副交感神经活性降低。对节拍间期的顺序分析表明，在语音…过程中，压力感受器反射敏感性没有改变更多的压力。这消除了血压调节的负反馈将血压上升降至最低的可能性。因此，在言语应激过程中，血压的升高是不可避免的。吸入偏爱的香水并不能抑制言语压力时血压的升高。相比之下，吸入香水会抑制心率的增加，这表明对社交压力的心理和生理反应有缓解作用。人际距离和气味的认知：在距离为30 cm和260 cm的两个未知女性面对面讨论的实验情境中，偏好气味的存在往往会增加感知到的人际距离，并导致一种感觉，即与没有香味的情景相比，提议的情景更愉快、更容易管理。本研究结果表明，偏好气味的存在缓解了伴随社交而来的情绪和生理压力。较少

1. Perception of Fragrances :1) Factorial analysis of the adjective pairs scored by a semantic differentiation method was performed on 4 different fragrances in 103 female college students. The result showed that fragrances were evaluated by 3 dimensions, i.e. pleasant-unpleasant, relaxing-excitatory, and loud-quiet.2) Fragrances did not provoke any specific color images.2. Speech Stress and Fragrances :1) Inhaling fragrances of subjective preference caused a greater decrease in anxiety in participants at rest than the rest without fragrances.2) Blood pressure and interbeat intervals were continuously measured before, during and after the speech stress. Blood pressure and heart rate increased during speech stress. A fast Fourier's transform analysis showed that the activity of cardiac sympathetic nerves was increased and that of the cardiac parasympathetic nerves was decreased. A sequential analysis of interbeat intervals showed that baroreflex sensitivity was not changed during speech … More stress. This eliminates a possibility that the negative feedback of blood pressure regulation minimizes the increase in blood pressure. Therefore, the increase in blood pressure is not avoidable during speech stress. Inhaling fragrances of preference failed to inhibit the increase in blood pressure during speech stress. Inhaling fragrances, in contrast, inhibited the increase in heart rate, suggesting a mitigative effect on the mental and physiological responses to the social stress.3. Cognition of Interpersonal Distance and Fragrances : In the experimental settings where 2 unknown females facing at 30 cm and 260 cm distance make discussion each other, the existence of fragrance of preference tended to increase the perceived interpersonal distance and to cause a feeling that the proposed situation was more pleasant and easy to manage in comparison with situations without fragrances.The results of this study show that fragrances of preference ameliorate the emotional and physiological stress accompanied by the social communication. Less