Study on Problems and Intervention Methods of High-Functioning Autism in School

1.学校教师对高功能自闭症的认知情况普通学校约37%的教师知道“广泛性发育障碍”和“高功能自闭症”。90%知道HFA的教师对HFA的概念有正确的认识，但大多数教师认为自闭症问题只是人际关系的障碍。知识的主要来源是教师的发展障碍培训课程.为学校教师举办的健康家庭教育工作坊成效我们为学校教师举办了一次关于健康家庭教育的研讨会和三次个案会议。150名教师参加了这些讲习班。他们在研讨会后对自闭症和HFA的各种临床特征的了解。这表明这类为学校教师举办的讲习班是有效的。普通学校HFA的问题有50 ~ 70%的教师遇到过疑似HFA的儿童。只有28%的HFA疑似儿童得到准确诊断。所有HFA疑似儿童在学校都有严重的行为问题。教师们倾向于将这些行为问题假定为某些精神障碍的症状。这表明日本普通学校中可能有不少HFA儿童，他们的真正问题尚未得到解决。HFA小组教学方案的尝试我们制定了HFA小组教学方案，并进行了试点。10名疑似HFA的儿童参与了这个项目，并享受了这个项目，我们在这个项目中得到了一些新的发现。一个是同情的态度对恐慌发作有惊人的效果。HFA怀疑孩子对温柔的声音和同情的谈话有反应，他们比我们想象的更快冷静下来。另一个是自闭症儿童有特定的关键词，他们能够很快理解。这些关键词对持久性问题非常有效。

1. School Teachers' Knowledge About High-functioning Autism (HFA)About thirty-seven percent of teachers in ordinary school knew the term "Pervasive Developmental Disorders" and "HFA." Ninety percent of teachers who knew the term "HFA" had correct knowledge about the concept of HFA.However, most of teachers thought that problems of autism was only a disturbance of human relations. The main source of knowledge was training course of developmental disorders for teachers.2. Effectiveness of workshop about HFA for school teachersWe held one seminar and three case conference about HFA for school teachers. One hundred and fifty teachers got these workshops. Their knowledge about the variety of clinical features of autism and HFA after workshops. This suggested the effectiveness of these type of workshops for school teachers.3. Problems of HFA in ordinary schoolA percentage of teachers who experienced children with suspected HFA was 50〜70 percent. Only twenty-eight percent of HFA suspected children had accurate diagnosis. All HFA suspected children had serious behavioral problems in school. Teachers tended to presume these behavioral problems to be symptoms of some mental disorders. These indicate that there may be not a few HFA children in ordinary school in Japan, and their true problem has not been not noticed.4. Trial of group teaching program for HFAWe made a group teaching program for HFA, and conduct the program on trail. Ten children with suspected HFA participate in this program and enjoyed it. We got some new findings in this program. One was that a sympathetic attitude was surprisingly effective against panic episode. HFA suspected children responded to gentle voice and sympathetic conversations, and they calm down sooner than we thought. The other was that children with autism had specific key words which they were able to understand quickly. These key word were very effective against persistence problems.