Affiliations of Texts of Ancrene Wisse: What They Tell Us about Its Origins

Ancrene Wisse(《修女指南》)，最初写于13世纪，以英语、法语和拉丁语版本保存下来，并在17个手稿证人中得到证实。1976年，E·J·多布森提出了文本关系的困境，对整个传统进行了概述。然而，正如他承认的那样，它是基于对选定段落的试验性整理。有必要回到传统的文本历史方法，建立在他对通过严格可比的段落确定的关系的洞察力的基础上。我的研究结果清楚地表明，他的困境存在许多问题；我建议对多布森的困境进行一些修改。对文本的从属关系的详细考察表明，在原文创作后的前半个世纪内，副本大量增加。作者很可能是多米尼加人，尽管多布森坚持认为这部作品与奥古斯丁人有很强的联系。我主要在大英图书馆和剑桥大学图书馆的手稿室进行过研究。在剑桥大学图书馆的珍藏室，我能够接触到对我的工作非常有用的书籍和期刊；我获得了许多中世纪晚期修道院、修士和修女材料的缩微胶片和复印件。我有机会邀请了两位来自国外的优秀中世纪历史和文学学者，在关西大学举办了一次关于古英语古文字学的中世纪研讨会。我还参加了在英国和美国举行的许多会议，与人们就我的研究和相关主题进行讨论和交流。由和田洋子主编并于2003年出版的《Ancrene Wisse书》是一本由编辑和来自四个国家的学者为该书新近撰写的散文集。

Ancrene Wisse ('a guide for nuns'), a work originally written in the thirteenth century, survives in English, French, and Latin versions and is attested in seventeen manuscript witnesses. In 1976 E. J. Dobson made a stemma of textual relationships which laid out an overview of the whole tradition. However, as he admitted, it was based on trial collations of selected passages. It is necessary to return to traditional text-historical methods, building on his insights into the relationships where there were determined with the aid of strictly comparable passages. Results of my research clearly show that his stemma has many problems; I have suggested some revision which Dobson's stemma needs.A detailed examination of the affiliations of the texts has revealed that there was a substantial multiplication of copies within the first half-century after the original was composed. It is very likely that the author was Dominican although Dobson maintained the work's strong connection with the Augustinians.I have conducted research mainly in the manuscript room of British Library and Cambridge University Library. At the rare-books room of Cambridge University Library I was able to have access to books and periodicals very useful to my work; I obtained many microfilms and photocopies of materials on monasteries, friars, and nuns in the late Middle Ages.I had a chance to invite two excellent scholars of medieval history and literature from abroad to hold a medieval seminar on Old English paleography at Kansai University. I also attended many conferences in Britain and the States to have discussions and exchange ideas with people about my research and related topics. A Book of Ancrene Wisse, which was edited by Yoko Wada and published in 2003, is a collection of essays newly written for the book by the editor and scholars from four countries.