A Comparative Study on Family Disputes Resolution in Rural Areas under the Era of Globalisation

该项目的目的是研究外国人，特别是日本人和非日本人的夫妇以及由日本人和非日本人组成的家庭所遇到的困难，以及他们如何在全球化时代的日常生活中解决问题。尽管日本人和非日本人对家庭生活的态度存在巨大差距，但在许多社会中，离婚一直在增加。经过两年的研究，得出以下结论：(1)在中国，由于政府启动了影响家庭生活的开放市场政策后发生的重大社会变化，家庭法目前正处于修订过程中。因此，人们对婚姻和离婚的态度正在发生变化，特别是在离婚后的经济解决方面，这导致了对离婚法院司法解释的审查。(2)子女离婚时，要求决定离婚后父母中哪一方继续承担父母责任。在跨国婚姻的情况下，父母一方不是日本人的事实可能是做出上述决定的一个因素。在实践中，法院很少根据父母不是日本人这一事实，而是考虑到与儿童福利有关的案件的所有方面，作出这种决定。为了支持生活在农村地区的异族通婚家庭，足够的语言援助（学习日语）似乎是至关重要的，这不仅可以促进家庭内部的交流，而且还可以与邻居和有用的机构保持良好的关系。

The aim of this project was to examine what difficulties the foreign people, especially couples of a Japanese and non-Japanese and families consisting of Japanese and non-Japanese members encounter and how they resolve their problems in everyday life in the globalisation era. Though there are great gaps of Japanese and non-Japanese attitudes towards family life, divorce has been increasing in many societies. After two years research, the followings are the findings : (1) In China, the family law is now under revising process due to the significant social changes after the government started the open market policy that have affected family life. As a result, people's attitudes toward marriage and divorce are changing, in particular in terms of financial settlements on divorce, which lead to examining the judicial interpretation at divorce courts. (2) When a child is involved in divorce, it is required to decide which parent should retain the parental responsibilities after divorce. In the case of a mixed marriage, the fact that one parent is a non-Japanese may be, perhaps, a factor to make a decision above. In practice, it is uncommon for the court to make such decision according to the fact that the parent is not a Japanese but by considering all aspects of the case relating to the welfare of the child. (3) In order to support mixed marriage families living in rural areas, sufficient language assistance (to learn Japanese) seem to be critical one not only promoting communication within the family but also maintain good relationship with neighbours and useful institutions.