A Comparative Study on Domestic Violence under Globalization-Gender in the Japanese, Chinese and British Societies

本研究针对日本、中国和英国的家庭暴力的历史、现状和法律制度进行研究，特别关注社会中的性别角色。在日本，家庭暴力问题直到20世纪90年代才引起社会的关注。因此，很少有受害者从仍然基于传统性别角色理论的社会获得法律补救和援助。在实施2001年《家庭暴力法》以保护家庭暴力受害者时，采取了第一步，但法律制度和其他服务对家庭暴力案件中的受害者和肇事者来说还不够。此外，可以说，处理家庭暴力案件的理念和个人行动似乎受到传统性别角色观点的强烈影响。在中国身上，传统的性别角色观仍然存在于社会的各个角落，家庭暴力受害者的法律保护和社会支持不足。社会上没有广泛认识到，家庭暴力问题恰恰包括人权问题。与此同时，妇女--绝大多数受害者--的社会地位在许多方面落后于男子。在英国，30多年来，通过为受害者提供人身安全和提供住所，包括实施一系列反对家庭暴力的新法律在内的各种行动一直受到重视。然而，英国社会仍然目睹了包括虐待儿童和殴打奶奶在内的家庭暴力案件，并正在努力不仅改善法律体系，还努力改善其他相关计划，以促进当局和私人组织(如对家庭暴力问题感兴趣的非营利组织)之间的合作。

This study aims at the history, current situation and legal system on domestic violence in Japan, China and Britain particularly by paying attention at the gender roles in society. In Japan, the issues on domestic violence rarely attracted society's interests until the 1990s. Accordingly, few victims obtained the legal remedies and assistance from society which was still based on the doctrine of traditional gender roles. A first step was taken when the DV Act 2001 was implemented for protecting the victims by domestic violence but the legal scheme and other services are not yet sufficient for both victims and perpetrators involved in domestic violence cases. In addition, it could be said that the philosophy and individual actions for dealing with domestic violence cases seem to be strongly influenced by the views of traditional gender roles. In China, the views of traditional gender roles remains in every corner of society and legal protection and social supports of the victims by domestic violence are insufficient. It is not widely recognized in society that the issue of domestic violence includes exactly the issue of human fundamental right. At the same time, the social status of women-the great majority of the victims-in many respects are behind those of men. In Britain, various actions including implementation of a series of new laws against domestic violence have been taken seriously for more than thirty years by providing physical safety and securing accommodation for the victims. However, British society still witnesses domestic violence cases including child abuse and granny bashing and is struggling for improving not only the legal system but also other relevant schemes with promoting cooperation among the authorities and private organizations such as non profit groups interested in domestic violence issues.