Examination of the model of supernovae origin of galactic cosmic rays by the theory of nucleosynthesis and by observations of TeV gamma-ray emission

超新星残骸(SNR)被广泛认为是银河系宇宙射线(GCR)的主要来源，从能量学、激波加速机制和GCR源的化学成分的一般争论来看。在这个项目中，我们从理论和实验上研究了这一情景。我们发现，银河系宇宙线源的组成在1.6倍内被复制为Ia型和II型超新星的新鲜喷出物、被喷出物卷起的星际物质和Wolf-Rayet恒星风物质的混合物。根据最新的超新星核合成模型，确定了四种源物质的最佳混合比例。利用CanGaroo 3.8 m大气切伦科夫望远镜观测了壳型SNR RX J1713.7-3946，得到了残骸西北缘TeV伽马射线发射的证据，具有~5.6的统计意义。数据表明，发射区域比望远镜的点扩展函数宽得多。发射的程度与ASCA观测到的硬X射线的程度一致。这种TeV伽马射线发射可以归因于冲击波加速的超相对论电子对宇宙微波背景辐射的逆康普顿散射。在此假设下，得到了~11微高斯的较低磁场。

Supernova remnants (SNRs) are widely believed to be a major source of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) from the general arguments on energetics, shock acceleration mechanisms, and the chemical composition of the source of GCR. In this project, we examined this scenario both theoretically and experimentally.It is found that the galactic cosmic ray source composition is reproduced within a factor of 1.6 as a mixture of fresh ejecta of Type Ia and Type II supernovae, the interstellar matter which is swept up by the ejecta, and Wolf-Rayet stellar wind material. The best mixing ratio of the four source materials are determined on the basis of the recent nucleosynthetic models of supernovae. As a bonus, the frequency of occurrence of SNIa relative to SNII and acceleration time of the GCRs after SNe explosions are estimated with the best mixing ratios to be 〜0.43 and 〜1000 y respectively.We observed the shell type SNR RX J1713.7-3946 with CANGAROO 3.8 m atmospheric Cerenkov telescope and obtained evidence for TeV gamma-ray emission from the NW rim of the remnant with 〜5.6 statistical significance. The data indicate that the emitting region is much broader than the point spreading function of the telescope. The extent of the emission is consistent with that of hard X-rays observed by ASCA. This TeV gamma-ray emission can be attributed to the Inverse Compton scattering of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation by shock accelerated ultra-relativistic electrons. Under this assumption, a rather low magnetic field of 〜11 microgauss is deduced for the remnant.