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The observation of the growth and ifrured absorption for dust particles ecclosed in a small scale space

小尺度空间内尘埃粒子的生长和破坏吸收的观察

基本信息

批准号：
11640470
负责人：
ARAKAWA Masahiko
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11640470/
关键词：
cosmic dusts ice particles ion trap 星間麈微粒子成長

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to clarify the growth process of cosmic dusts in the interstellar space and to determine the optical property of the cosmic dusts in the laboratory. Our final goal of this experiment is that we observe the growth process of the dust particles in collision with time when various kinds of small dusts are enclosed in a small vacuum space for a long time. The chosen materials are ices, organic matters and silicates, and their sizes are from 0.1 to 1 mm. We also intend to analyze these dusts by using a infrared absorption method. In this term, we have finished to develop the instrument to enclose the dust particles, which is the most important part of this experiment, moreover we estimated the adhesion strength among the organic dust particles.We succeeded to enclose molecular ions for several hours by means of the developed instrument of dust enclosure, so called RF ion trap instrument in ultra-high vacuum chamber. This instrument has characteristics that there are 4 holes of the diameter of 5mm at the ion trap electrode necessary to observe the interior and that the electric gun is set as a lower electrode. We did a preliminary test with molecular ions, then we developed the impedance matching instrument for high frequency electric field in order to arrange the experimental conditions to enclose the dust particles. We improved our electrodes for the ion trap according to these preliminary tests.Before we try to enclose the organic dusts, we studied the adhesion force of ethylene glycol particles, which particles were formed by a spray, at 200 K.The adhesion force was measured by a flowing method. As a result, the adhesion force of the organic matter was concluded to be several orders of magnitudes larger than that of silicate particles.

本研究的目的是阐明宇宙尘埃在星际空间中的生长过程，并在实验室中测定宇宙尘埃的光学性质。本实验的最终目的是观察在小真空空间中长时间封闭各种小尘埃粒子时，尘埃粒子在碰撞中随时间的增长过程。所选材料为冰、有机物和硅酸盐，其尺寸为0.1 - 1 mm。我们还打算用红外吸收法分析这些粉尘。在这一阶段，我们完成了实验中最重要的部分--尘埃粒子的封闭装置的研制，并对有机尘埃粒子间的粘附强度进行了估算，利用研制的尘埃封闭装置--超高真空室射频离子阱装置成功地对分子离子进行了数小时的封闭。该仪器的特点是在离子阱电极处有4个直径为5 mm的孔，用于观察内部，并将电子枪设置为下电极。我们先用分子离子做了初步的实验，然后研制了高频电场阻抗匹配仪，以安排实验条件来封闭粉尘颗粒。根据这些初步试验，我们改进了离子阱的电极。在我们尝试封闭有机粉尘之前，我们研究了乙二醇颗粒的粘附力，该颗粒是由喷雾形成的，在200 K下，粘附力通过流动法测量。结果表明，有机物的粘附力比硅酸盐颗粒大几个数量级。