A search for prostate cancer-specific genes

1986年前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测的引入导致前列腺癌报告发病率的急剧增加。即使在前列腺癌发病率长期被认为较低的日本，前列腺癌的发病率也在上升：预计到2015年，前列腺癌病例的数量将从2000年的12,783例增加到26,110例。超声引导的活检也有助于前列腺癌的检测。这导致了向更本地化疾病的阶段转移。但是，通过PSA检测早期发现前列腺癌将如何影响患者的长期生存尚不清楚，主要是因为我们无法在诊断时有效地预测肿瘤的临床过程。许多患有前列腺癌的男性实际上会死于前列腺癌，而不是死于前列腺癌。以激素非依赖性前列腺癌为研究对象，构建了人前列腺癌基因文库。差异显示分析表明，共有96条不同表达的癌症特异性条带。随后克隆和筛选出一条361bp的氨基酸序列，该序列与人乳铁蛋白基因的表达完全一致。人正常组织和前列腺癌组织的Northern杂交和RT-PCR显示该基因在不同组织中的表达模式不同，提示该基因具有潜在的生物学标记。进一步的研究目前正在进行中。

Introduction of prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing in 1986 has resulted in a dramatic increase in the reported incidence of prostate cancer. Even in Japan, where the prevalence of prostate cancer has long been considered low, the incidence is on the rise: The number of cases is anticipated to increase from 12,783 in 2000 to as many as 26,110 by 2015. Ultrasound-guided biopsy also has facilitated the detection of prostate cancer. This has resulted in stage shift toward more localized diseases. But how this early detection of prostate cancer through PSA testing will affect long-term patient survival is unknown, mainly because we cannot effectively predict at diagnosis the clinical course a tumor will take. Many men with prostate cancer will actually die with it rather than die of it. cDNA library was established from hormone refractory prostate cancer. Differential display analysis indicated a total of 96 differently expressed, cancer-specific bands. Subsequent cloning and screening of cDNA library identified a 361 bp amino acid sequence, which appeared to be identical to Human Lactoferin mRNA. Northern hybridization and RT-PCR of human normal as well as prostatic cancer tissue indicated various patterns of expression of this gene in different human tissues, suggesting potential biological marker. Further study is now underway.