Physiological basis of the effect of warm-up exercise

热身运动对主运动产生以下影响：由于肌肉温度升高而产生的Q10效应，由于玻尔效应而促进肌肉中的氧卸载，促进血液流向工作肌肉，以及进行运动的神经适应。我们调查了热身运动对主要的重型运动的影响，使用氧摄取反应的估计。首先，调查酸中毒对氧摄取反应的影响，我们检查了用手臂摇动代替腿部骑自行车作为热身运动的效果。当我们使用腿部自行车作为热身时，在主要的大强度运动期间对氧摄取反应的促进有显著的热身效果，而使用手臂摇动时没有效果，这表明大强度运动对氧摄取反应的促进不仅仅是由于乳酸酸中毒。第二，研究了血流对反应的影响，我们在主运动期间施加面部冷刺激以抑制流向工作肌的血流，并在主运动之前对工作肌进行透热加温以代替热身运动以增加血流。无论是冷刺激还是透热加温都没有改变热身运动后主运动期间的摄氧反应，这表明交替的工作肌肉血流不能诱导足够的效果，以促进在大负荷运动期间的摄氧反应。

The warm-up exercise induces following effects on the main exercise ; Q10 effectdue to increased muscle temperature, facilitation of oxygen unloading in muscle due to the Bohr effect, facilitation of blood flow to the working muscle, and neural adaptation to performing the exercise. We investigated the effect of warm-up exercise on the main heavy exercise, using the estimation of oxygen uptake response.First, investigating the effect of acidosis on oxygen uptake response, we examined the effect of substituting arm cranking for leg cycling as the warm-up exercise. There was a significant warm-up effect on facilitation of oxygen uptake response during main heavy exercise when we used leg cycling as the warm-up, but no effect when using arm-cranking, suggesting that the facilitation of the oxygen uptake response to heavy exercise is not due to solely the lactic acidosis. Second, investigating the effect of blood flow on the response, we applied facial cold stimulation during main exercise to depress the blood flow to the working muscle, and diathermic warming before main exercise on working muscle as substituting the warm-up exercise to increase the blood flow. Neither the cold stimulation nor the diathermic warming changed the oxygen uptake response during main exercise after the warm-up exercise, suggesting that alternation of blood flow to working muscle can not induce a sufficient effect to facilitate the oxygen uptake response during heavy exercise.