Environmental Noise Simulator and Design of Living Space by an "Urusasa ＆ Hues" Sound Level Meter

使用“Urusasa & Hues”声级计进行环境噪声模拟器和生活空间设计

• 批准号: 11832009
• 负责人: FURIHATA Kenji
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Shinshu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11832009/
• 关键词: Road traffic noise; Annoyance; Transmission loss; Virtual reality system; Earplug type electroacoustic transducers; Noise experience simulator; Analytic hierarchy process; Noise control technologies; 騒音による心理的影響の程度; 騒音防止技術; 環境騒音; 自動車騒音; 騒音計; バ

Road traffic is the most widespread source of noise in all countries and the primary reason for annoyance and interference with human activities. Experiments designed to evaluate the psychological effects (loudness, perceived noisiness and annoyance) of road vehicle noise have basically to be carried out in an anechoic room or a soundproof room. If, however, a simulator based on a virtual reality system capable of audio-visual experiencing for various kinds of noise control elements at a residential site is available ; one can select the most suitable noise control technique. The simulator described here uses (1) a Glasstron personal display and some earplug type electroacoustic transducers proposed. They are as follows : (2) the microphones for sound pressure measuring in the external auditory canal, (3) the magnetic earphones adhered to earplugs and (4) the microphones for sound pressure measuring in the small cavity, which is enclosed by the earplug and the eardrum. In this paper, t … More he simulator was discussed experimentally whether it obtains the presence as if there are lots of cars on the road by the virtual binaural recording and reproducing. From the results, it can be found that the virtual reality system proposed here may be obtained one's feelings of direction, distance and movement with the interaction between audible and visible. Next, the psychological evaluation on the effects of various kinds physical conditions (vehicle noise sources, traffic conditions, barrier, building materials) was adopted with the following terms : annoyance, the subjective effect on transmission loss and the subjective impression of considering all the factors, which each scale has seven-point scales. From the results of the psychological experiment, if roadside houses have average sound insulation (30dB or above), the subjects evaluated as follows : about 40dB of L_<Aeq(5min)> corresponds to "kininaranai (not annoyed)", the transmission loss is "effective" and the subjective impression of considering all the factors is "good". As a conclusion, it can be said that this system can be applied with confidence to the subjective impression of noise control elements for road vehicle noise, and it is effective for the selection of building materials.The noise experience simulator was proposed to assess the effectiveness of noise exposure policies and noise control technologies. One can experience and evaluate psychologically on the sound insulation efficiency for building with its virtual reality technique. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a basic approach to decision making that can be used to determine the best noise control technology when a difficulty exists assigning evaluations and weights to decision factors. In this process, the decision maker carries out pairwise comparison judgments. With the AHP, goals, costs, efficiency, psychological effects, transmission loss (TL) and alternatives are arranged in a hierarchical structure. In this paper, it was experimentally discussed whether they are useful to decision making for noise control technologies. The results are as follows : "Not too annoying" corresponds to 41.8dB of L_<Aeq>. "Effective" corresponds to about 30dB of TL.As L_<Aeq> is louder, the main weight changes from "costs" to "efficiency". In the efficiency, "annoyance" is the most important. Therefore, the use of this simulator and the AHP will significantly improve our ability to understand the effects of noise and to determine the best noise control technology. Less

道路交通是所有国家最广泛的噪音来源，也是人类活动烦恼和干扰的主要原因。设计用于评估道路车辆噪声的心理影响（响度、感知噪音和烦恼）的实验基本上必须在消声室或隔音室中进行。然而，如果有一个基于虚拟现实系统的模拟器，能够在住宅现场对各种噪声控制元件进行视听体验，那么人们就可以选择最合适的噪声控制技术。这里描述的模拟器使用（1）一个电调管个人显示器和一些耳塞式电声换能器建议。它们是：（2）外耳道内的声压测量用传声器，（3）附着在耳塞上的磁性耳机，（4）耳塞和鼓膜围成的小空腔内的声压测量用传声器。在本文中，t ...更多信息 通过实验探讨了模拟器是否能通过虚拟双耳录音和再现获得道路上有许多汽车的存在感。从结果可以发现，这里提出的虚拟现实系统可以获得一个人的方向，距离和运动的感觉与听觉和视觉之间的相互作用。其次，采用了对各种物理条件（车辆噪声源、交通条件、障碍物、建筑材料）的影响的心理评价，包括以下术语：烦恼、对传输损耗的主观影响和考虑所有因素的主观印象，每个量表有7分制。从心理学实验的结果来看，如果路边房屋的隔音效果平均（30 dB或以上），受试者评价如下：40 dB左右的L_<Aeq（5min）>对应于“kininaranai（不恼火）"，传递损失为“有效”，综合考虑所有因素的主观印象为“良好”。可以说，该系统可以很好地反映道路车辆噪声控制要素的主观印象，对建筑材料的选择也是有效的，并提出了噪声体验模拟器来评估噪声暴露政策和噪声控制技术的有效性。利用虚拟现实技术可以对建筑物的隔声效果进行心理体验和评价。层次分析法（AHP）是一种基本的决策方法，当难以为决策因素分配评价和权重时，可用于确定最佳噪声控制技术。在这个过程中，决策者进行两两比较判断。利用层次分析法，将目标、成本、效率、心理效应、输电损耗和备选方案按层次结构排列。在本文中，它是实验讨论是否有用的决策，噪声控制技术。结果如下：“不太烦人”对应于41.8dB的L_1<Aeq>。“有效”对应于TL的大约30dB。随着L_<Aeq>更大，主要权重从“成本”变为“效率”。在效率中，“烦恼”是最重要的。因此，使用这个模拟器和层次分析法将显着提高我们的能力，了解噪声的影响，并确定最佳的噪声控制技术。少

项目成果

E.Matsuyama, K.Furihata and T.Yanagisawa: "Magnetic carphone adhered to earplug"Proceedings of NAGANO magel' 99, MAGNETO-ELECTRONICS International Symposium. 89-92 (1999)

E.Matsuyama、K.Furihata 和 T.Yanagisawa：“磁性汽车耳机粘附在耳塞上”NAGANO Magel 99，MAGNETO-ELECTRONICS 国际研讨会论文集。

S.Matsubara, K.Furihata and T.Yanagisawa: "Electroacoustic transducers of earplug type for active noise control in external auditory canal"Proceedings of ACTIVE 99, The 1999 International Symposium on Active Control of Sound and Vibration. 1257-1266 (1999

S.Matsubara、K.Furihata 和 T.Yanagisawa：“用于外耳道主动噪声控制的耳塞型电声换能器”ACTIVE 99 会议记录，1999 年声音和振动主动控制国际研讨会。

松山英司,降旗健治,柳沢武三郎: "耳栓型電気音響変換器による外耳道内伝達関数の測定と音声通信への応用"電子情報通信学会 信学技報. EA99-63. 39-46 (1999)

Eiji Matsuyama、Kenji Furuhata、Takezaburo Yanagisawa：“使用耳塞型电声换能器测量耳道中的传递函数及其在语音通信中的应用”IEICE 技术报告 39-46 (1999)。

E.Matsuyama,K.Furihata and T.Yanagisawa: "Application of new bone conduction pickups and earphones of earplug type for speech communication under high ambient noise"Proceedings of inter-noise 2000. Vol.3. 1655-1658 (2000)

E.Matsuyama、K.Furihata和T.Yanagisawa：“新型骨传导拾音器和耳塞式耳机在高环境噪声下语音通信的应用”Inter-Noise 2000年论文集，第3卷。

K.Furihata and T.Yanagisawa: "The application of a noise-rating scale composed of hue-scale and LAeq on various kinds of noise sources for noise map"J.Acoust.Soc.Am., Proceedings of NOISE-CON 2000. 108,No.5. 2498-(1-8) (2000)

K.Furihata 和 T.Yanagisawa：“由色调尺度和 LAeq 组成的噪声评级尺度在噪声图的各种噪声源上的应用”J.Acoust.Soc.Am.，NOISE-CON 2000 论文集。