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Study of neural mechanisms of biofeedback using magnetoencephalography

利用脑磁图研究生物反馈的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
11680851
负责人：
NISHIMURA Chiaki
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Toho University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study was to clarify the neural process underlying the neurofeedback(or biofeedback) by using the magnetoencephalography (MEG) and fMRI. Two experiments were carried out. In Experiment 1, subjects were exposed to a series of visual and auditory inputs andwere instructed to detect a specified combination of color and tone. MEG was measured during the task. Source localization was performed based on the MEG. The result showed the following spatiotemporal features of neural activities relating to the task : In 90-130ms after onset of the input, neural activities were observed in both visual and auditory cortices, and in 160- 210ms they were in association areas in temporal and parietal cortices, while in 130-150ms and in 220-240ms they were in basal ganglia and the limbic system. The result shows the basal ganglia and the limbic system play an important role in the phase change in the discrimination task. Considering their mutual connection with the brain stem, they would constitute an informational path from the sensory system to the autonomic system enabling the learning in neurofeedback. In Experiment 2, an ambiguous random dot stereogram was displayed with a constant depth increase, whereas the subjects were trained to make a reciprocal depth sensation, which was possible due to the ambiguity. For each subject fMRI was measured during the task and neural activities were located on the MRI image. The result showed the activity in the prefrontal cortex as well as the visual cortex. In performing the task, subjects were required to break an existed frame of perception and make another one. It corresponds to the state alteration of consciousness, which play an crucial part in the learning process of neurofeedback. The result of Experiment 2 strongly suggests the importance of the prefrontal activity in the neurofeedback.

本研究的目的是利用脑磁图（MEG）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来阐明神经反馈（或生物反馈）背后的神经过程。进行了两个实验。在实验1中，受试者暴露于一系列视觉和听觉输入，并被指示检测一个特定的颜色和音调组合。在任务期间测量MEG。根据脑磁图进行源定位。结果表明：输入后90- 130 ms，视觉和听觉皮层均有神经活动，160- 210 ms主要集中在颞叶和顶叶皮层的联合区，130- 150 ms和220- 240 ms主要集中在基底节和边缘系统。结果表明，基底神经节和边缘系统在辨别任务的相位变化中起重要作用。考虑到它们与脑干的相互联系，它们将构成从感觉系统到自主系统的信息路径，从而实现神经反馈学习。在实验2中，一个模糊的随机点立体图显示了一个恒定的深度增加，而受试者被训练，使一个相互的深度感觉，这是可能的，由于模糊性。在任务期间测量每个受试者的fMRI，并在MRI图像上定位神经活动。结果显示，前额叶皮层和视觉皮层的活动。在执行任务时，要求被试打破一个已有的知觉框架，重新构建另一个知觉框架。它对应于意识的状态改变，在神经反馈的学习过程中起着至关重要的作用。实验二的结果有力地说明了前额叶活动在神经反馈中的重要性。