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A study on Indigenous Sacred Spaces along the Eastern Border of Asia

亚洲东部边境土著神圣空间研究

基本信息

批准号：
12305039
负责人：
MASUDA Kanefusa
金额：
$ 26.68万
依托单位：
Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12305039/
关键词：
Eastern Border of Asia Sacrd Spaces Okinawa Cultural Heritage Memory UTAKI Local Society Shinto Shrine Architecture 御嶽(うたき)東アジア周緑部御嶽

项目摘要

As the main target of my study was the traditional sacred spaces related indigenous folk beliefs in Japan, we visited many places like religiods festival of AINU in Hokkaido, several groves of the village shrine in Main Island, and many UTAKI in Okinawa etc., researching their present situation of the form and constituting elements of the spaces, historical process of their changes and their possible future, and their custody or conservation. We tried to observe them comparatively from multidisciplinary points of view like history, architecture, folklore, vegetation and city planning, and also from multilaterally points of view, comparing with other eastern border countries like Korea, Taiwan and Philippine.As the result, we found the sacred spaces in AINU is already disappearing, while village shrines in Main Island are comparatively well protected, and we focused on Utaki in Okinawa, where urbanization is rapidly changing traditional local society and decreasing traditional annual rituals. In Okinawa, increasing recent public works are now destroying UTAKI year by year for the construction of various parks or roads etc.We selected three types: a well protected example ; Taketomi-jima island, changing urbanizing village example like Kitanakagusuku-son, well urbanized example; Tsuboya district in Naha city. We found that Utaki is very important as the indigenous sacred space in Okinawa for their common memory places to manifest their rituals, which was a way to continue their history where people did not use letters nor accepting a world religion Buddhism, while Main Island of Japan accepted it in 7^<th> century from China. This character is common with other indigenous animistic sacred spaces in Eastern Asia, and UTAKI should be evaluated and protected more importantly as an interface example of both tangible and intangible heritages in a modernized country Japan.

由于本研究的主要对象是与日本原住民民间信仰相关的传统圣地，因此我们走访了许多地方，如北海道的阿伊努宗教节、本岛的几个村庄神社的格罗夫斯小树林，以及冲绳的许多UTAKI等，研究其空间形态和构成要素的现状、变化的历史过程和可能的未来，以及保管或保护。我们试图从历史、建筑、民俗、植被、城市规划等多学科的角度进行比较观察，并从多边的角度与韩国、台湾、菲律宾等东部边境国家进行比较，结果发现，阿伊努的神圣空间已经消失，而本岛的村庄神社保护得比较好，我们重点关注了冲绳的宇多木，城市化正在迅速改变传统的地方社会，减少传统的年度仪式。在冲绳，近年来越来越多的公共工程正在破坏UTAKI每年建设各种公园或道路等。我们选择了三种类型：一个良好的保护的例子;竹富岛，不断变化的城市化村庄的例子，如北中郡之子，良好的城市化例子;在那霸市坪屋区。我们发现，宇多喜作为冲绳的原住民神圣空间，是他们共同记忆的地方，体现了他们的仪式，这是一种延续历史的方式，那里的人们不使用字母，也不接受世界宗教佛教，而日本本岛在7^世纪从中国接受了它<th>。这种特征与东亚其他土著泛灵论神圣空间一样，尤塔基更应该作为现代化国家日本有形和无形遗产的界面范例进行评估和保护。