Study on Introduction of Phenomenological Dynamics into Concept of Chemical Engineering Design

以下七个研究项目小组研究了实现涉及非线性动力学的各种复杂化学过程的系统设计、操作和控制方法：（A）研究了醋酸乙烯酯乳液聚合的动力学，比较了间歇和连续流动操作。在<nd>连续流操作的第二阶段，由于第一<st>颗粒向第二颗粒<nd>的沉淀聚集，颗粒尺寸分布（PSD）出现间歇性振荡。提取了乳化剂浓度等关键控制参数，用于控制乳胶粒的粒径分布和醋酸乙烯酯聚合物的分子量分布。(B)研究了复杂化工过程的各种建模方法，利用各种神经网络，以建立一个智能系统技术，用于动态行为预测和优化设计，控制和操作。一些有效的建模方法 关于我们 DS，例如由常微分方程模型和偏微分方程模型组成的混合模型，被提出应用于各种化学系统的动态模拟，例如聚合反应器的启动操作。(C)基于虚拟反应器设计方法学的概念，通过实验积累了多相流反应器的各种动态波动物理数据，建立了多个数据库。它已被证明，湍流速度和温度波动的时间序列数据可以重建神经网络应用到数据库中，并叠加在通过CFD模拟数值获得的宏观流动结构。(D)为了设计一种新型的混合器，研究了如何从非线性动力学的角度对流体混合行为进行建模。模拟方法表明，安装在圆柱形容器中的往复圆盘的有效混合特性。积累了搅拌釜式反应器内湍流的三维时空速度数据，建立了数据库，并制作了图形系统，再现了搅拌釜式反应器内的虚拟湍流，以演示搅拌釜式反应器的混合机理。(E)从如何将各种真实的化工过程系统的动态观测数据引入化工设计方法的角度出发，对复杂化学反应过程中的化学振荡、热集成精馏塔的动态行为以及高分子膜中的传质进行了实验和数值研究。(F)实验研究了提高催化反应总速率的动态操作方法和反应器结构设计。发现反应液的周期性喷射是控制催化剂板表面更新效果的关键操作。(G)为了进行气液反应过程的动态设计，发展了一种泡状流动力学可视化观测技术。利用该技术成功地观测到了单个气泡的复杂运动和动态变形。提出了气泡动态特性分析可靠性的评价方法。少

The methodology of design of systems, operation and control for realizing various complex chemical processes involving nonlinear dynamics was investigated by the following seven research project teams:(A) Dynamics of emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate was investigated comparing between batch and continuous flow operations. Intermittent oscillations of particle size distribution (PSD) were found in the 2^<nd> stage of continuous flow operation due to precipitative aggregation of 1^<st> particles to 2^<nd> particles. Key control parameters, e.g. emulsifier concentration were extracted to control the particle size distribution of latex particles and molecular weight distribution of vinyl acetate polymers.(B) Various modeling methods for complex chemical processes were investigated utilizing various neural networks in order to construct an intelligent system technology for prediction of dynamic behavior and optimization for design, control and operation. Some effective modeling metho … More ds, e.g. hybrid model consisting of both ordinary and partially differential equation models were proposed to apply to dynamic simulation of various chemical systems such as the startup operation of a polymerization reactor.(C) Various dynamically-fluctuating physical data of multi-phase flow reactors were experimentally accumulated to construct several database based on a concept of virtual reactor design methodology. It has been demonstrated that time-series data of turbulent velocity and temperature fluctuations can be reconstructed by neural networks applied to the databases and be superimposed on the macroscopic flow structures numerically obtained by CFD simulation.(D) How to model the fluid mixing behavior from a viewpoint of nonlinear dynamics was investigated to invent a novel mixer. The simulation method was demonstrated to indicate the effective mixing characteristics of a reciprocating circular disk installed in a cylindrical vessel. Three-dimensional space-time velocity data of turbulent flows in a stirred tank reactor were accumulated to construct a database and a graphic system was made to reconstruct a virtual turbulent flow for demonstration of the mechanism of mixing.(E) Chemical oscillations in complex chemical reaction processes, dynamic behavior of heat integrated distillation columns, and mass transport in a macromolecule membrane were both experimentally and numerically investigated from a common viewpoint of how to introduce the dynamic data observable in various real chemical process systems into chemical engineering design methods.(F) A dynamic operation method and reactor structure design were experimentally investigated to enhance an overall rate of catalytic reaction. It has been found that a periodical spray of reactant liquid is a key operation controlling the surface renewal effect on a catalyst plate.(G) A visualization and observation technique of bubble flow dynamics was developed for a purpose of dynamic design of gas-liquid reaction processes. A very complicated motion and dynamic deformation of a single bubble were successfully observed by the technique. An evaluation method for reliability of analysis of dynamic bubble characteristics was also proposed. Less