Analysis of the conditions for promoting women's political participation in 'local government'

本研究的目的是探讨妇女参与地方政治的条件和条件，特别关注她们的生命历程。为了做到这一点，与地方议员进行了比较研究。根据地方理事会中女性成员比例的高低，选择高比例地区（东京都大都会20%以上的7个地方理事会）和低比例地区（新泻5个理事会和山形4个理事会中5%以下）来消除差异（地方差异或性别影响）。从结果中发现，他们到达地方议会成员的路线差异很大。有许多人通过政党和公民活动成为地方议会的成员，如果是地方议员，尽管通过经济团体、现有社区团体和工会成为地方议会成员的人数占压倒性优势。当谈到属性时，地方议会的女议员有许多50和40岁的年龄，地方理事会的男议员有许多50和60岁的年龄。地方议会女性成员的教育背景相对较高，地方议会男性成员的居住时间相对较长。但是，区域差异也很大。在地方议员中，似乎可以看到政治社会化的效果。在这种情况下，地方理事会女成员的地域差异很大。在农村具有初级政治社会化效应，而在大都会具有较强的次级政治社会化效应，从以上考察来看，有必要建立次级政治社会化机制，并在当地激活各种公民活动，以促进妇女的政治参与。

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the terms and conditions for women to take part in local politics, especially focusing on their life course. In order to do this, comparative study with local councilmen was done. A high ratio area (7 local councils in 20% and more of Tokyo Metropolis) and a low ratio area (5% and under of Niigata 5 councils and Yamagata 4 councils) were chosen to clear the difference (local difference or gender effect) based on the height of the woman member ratio at the local council. It was found from the result that difference in the route which they reaches members of local councils is big. There are many people who become a member of an local councils through the political party and the citizen activities in case of local councilwomen, although the case that it becomes a member of local councils is overwhelming through the economic groups, existent community groups and the labor unions in case of local councilmen. When it says about the attribute, a woman member of a local councils has many 50's and 40's in the age, and a man member of local council has many 50's and 60's. Women members of local councils in the educational background was higher relatively, and men members of local councils about their residence was longer relatively. But, regional differences are big about the attribute, too. Effects seem to be seen about the political socialization in case of local councilwomen. In this case, regional differences are big in a woman member of an local council. It has the primary political socialization effect in the country, and the second political socialization effect is tends to be strong in the metropolis.From the above examination, it is necessary to build the second political socialization device, and to activate any kinds of citizen's activities in the local areas for promoting woman's political participation.