RESEARCH ON THE PRINCIPLES GOVERNING THE DENOTATIONS OF GRAMMATICAL FUNCTIONS IN NATURAL LANGUAGE

自然语言语法功能指称原则研究

基本信息

批准号：
12610554
负责人：
MACHIDA Ken
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610554/
关键词：
grammatical functions noun verb semantic role case tense language types word order

项目摘要

Every natural language has a morphological and/or syntactic means to denote grammatical functions of the entities and predicates constituting the events expressed by sentences. To develop formal and universal methods of expressions of grammatical functions in any event is thus indispensable for the foundations of linguistic research, the primary aim of which is to clarify the plausible mechanism of the procedures in language expression and understanding. The selected corpus of our research is Caucasian languages, Tungus languages, Uralic languages, Germanic languages and Japanese. As a result of our linguistics analysis of these sufficiently various languages, we have successfully made detailed investigations into how grammatical functions are denoted in natural languages.The analysis of Caucasian languages provides us with the way incorporating languages denote grammatical functions by way of adding a variety of functional morphemes to predicate stems. A universal method of describing semantic roles of entities in events has been obtained through the analysis of Uralic languages. The results of the studies of the articles in Germanic languages has been precious in that the definiteness expressed by these forms helps us to understand the semantic properties of nouns in sentences. The analysis of Tungus languages and Japanese has given a fundamental information about how each functional morpheme behaves in expressing grammatical functions.

每种自然语言都有一种形态学和/或句法手段，用来表示实体的语法功能和谓词，构成句子表达的事件。因此，在任何情况下，要开发语法功能表达式的形式和普遍方法是语言研究的基础是必不可少的，其主要目的是阐明该程序在语言表达和理解中的合理机制。我们研究的选定语料库是高加索语言，通格语，乌拉尔语，日耳曼语和日语。由于我们对这些充分的各种语言的语言学分析的结果，我们成功地详细研究了语法功能是如何用自然语言表示的。对高加索语言的分析为我们提供了通过添加各种功能函数的语言来指示语言的方式来指示语言功能，从而为我们提供了语法。通过分析乌拉尔语言，已经获得了描述实体语义作用的通用方法。这些形式表达的确定性有助于我们理解句子中名词的语义属性，因为这些形式所表达的确定性有助于我们对文章的研究结果。通道语言和日语的分析给出了有关每个功能词素在表达语法功能时如何表现的基本信息。