Wealth and Population in Classical Political Economy: An Intellectual Approach

古典政治经济学中的财富和人口：一种理智的方法

• 批准号: 12630013
• 负责人: FUKAGAI Yasunori
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12630013/
• 关键词: wealth; population; history of civilization; emulation; pauperism; Hume; Townsend; Malthus; 救貧; マンデヴィル; ベンサム; 救貧法; 古典派経済学

The economic discourses since Mandeville and DeFoe put the special emphasis on the topics of the emulation and pauperism. Mandeville and Hume focused on the dynamic character of economy which was oriented by luxury, vanity and fashion. However, besides Both of Mandeville and DeFoe were critical to the poor laws and settlement acts, Smith regarded emulation as the cause of over-working, and criticized the settlement acts because it obstructs the smooth move of the laborer to the job opportunity.In contrast to Hume and Smith who characterized the effect of commercial society positively, the new trend emerged in early 1780s that treated it negatively. McFarlen clarified that the spread of luxury under the civilization causes the diversity of the distribution of wealth, and pointed out that it was the real cause of the poverty in lower ranks. Townsend utilized the historical view of the civilization in order to show the possible proper balance between the wealth and the population. According to Townsend, the poor law causes the over-population with accompanied the poverty. Malthus developed the critical argument of poverty in the style of population theory.

自曼德维尔和笛福以来的经济论述都特别强调模仿和贫困问题。曼德维尔和休谟关注的是以奢侈、虚荣和时尚为导向的经济的动态性。然而，除了曼德维尔和笛福都对济贫法和安置法持批判态度外，斯密还认为竞争是造成过度劳动的原因，并批评安置法阻碍了劳动者向工作机会的顺利转移。与休谟和斯密积极地描述商业社会的影响相反，18世纪80年代初出现的新趋势是消极地对待它。McFarlen明确指出，文明下奢侈品的传播造成了财富分配的多样性，并指出这是下层贫困的真正原因。汤森利用文明的历史观来展示财富和人口之间可能的适当平衡。汤森认为，济贫法造成了人口过剩，并伴随着贫困。马尔萨斯以人口理论的方式发展了对贫困的批判性论证。

项目成果

深貝 保則: "怠惰な貧民・機会なき貧民・目覚めに誘われる貧民-イギリス経済思想の教育論との接点に向けて-"『日英教育研究フォーラム』(5). 7-18 (2001)

深井康德：《懒惰的穷人、没有机会的穷人、被邀请觉醒的穷人——走向与英国经济思想教育理论的接触点——》日英教育研究论坛（5）。 (2001)

高 哲男 編: "自由と秩序の経済思想史"名古屋大学出版会. 330 (2002)

高哲雄主编：《自由与秩序的经济思想史》名古屋大学出版社330（2002）。

Yasunori Fukagai: "Utility, Pleasure and Welfare: The Happiness And Economy in J.S.Mill, A.Marshall and A.C.Pigou"paper presented at the Paradoxes of Happiness in Economics Milano, Italy. 1-12 (2003)

Yasunori Fukagai：“效用、快乐和福利：J.S.Mill、A.Marshall 和 A.C.Pigou 中的幸福与经济”论文在意大利米兰经济学幸福悖论上发表。

Yasunori Fukagai: "Jeremy Bentham on production of wealth and population mechanism"Paper presented at the Colloguium on the Economic Thought of Jeremy Bentham, Tokyo Metropolitan University. 26 (2002)

Yasunori Fukagai：《杰里米·边沁关于财富生产和人口机制》在东京都立大学杰里米·边沁经济思想研讨会上发表的论文。

Yasunori Fukagai: "Joseph Tounsend and Jeremy Bentham on Wealth, Population and Pauperism"Paper presented at the History of Economic Thought Conference, Manchester Metropolitan University. 32 (2001)

Yasunori Fukagai：“Joseph Tounsend 和 Jeremy Bentham on Wealth, Population and Pauperism”论文在曼彻斯特城市大学经济思想史会议上发表。