ON DEVELOPMENT OF SOLVING ABILITY OF WORD PROBLEMS BY BUILDING AND STRENGTHENING LEARNERS' SCHEMATA

本研究旨在寻找促进算术应用题解决能力的教学方法。这方面的许多研究表明，在配方构建之前，整合过程中存在困难。然而，整合过程是一次完成的，很难分析。然后，本研究对问题词加工图式的构建和强化在问题解决中的有效性进行了反向考察。主要研究结果如下：(1)学习者的图式质量强烈地决定了应用题的解决能力。(2)建立和强化学习者的图式促进了他们的解题能力。(3)这一发现被应用于初等数学应用题，特别是加减法问题，并被证实是非常有效的。

Present study aims to find instructional methods to facilitate the solving ability of arithmetic word problems. Many studies in this area revealed that difficulties were in integration process before formula construction. Integration process, however, is executed all at once and very difficult to analyze.Then, this study inversely investigated the effectiveness of building and strengthening learners' schemata of processing problem words in problem solving. Main findings are as follows :(a) Quality of learners' schemata strongly determined the solving ability of word problems.(b) Building and strengthening learners' schemata facilitated their solving ability.(c) This finding was applied to elementary mathematic word problems, especially addition and subtraction problems, and was confirmed being very effective.