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Memory of virtual environment and neural mechanism of route learning

虚拟环境记忆与路径学习的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
12680784
负责人：
TANAKA Yuji
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Chiba University (2001-2003)Nihon University (2000)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12680784/
关键词：
cognitive map virtual reality parietal association cortex the mesial parietal cortex route memory navigation task Japanese monkey ニホンザル上頭頂小葉海馬傍回

项目摘要

To investigate neural basis of the cognitive map, the representation of the spatial layout of environments, we trained two Japanese monkeys to perform navigation task in virtual building and recorded neuronal activity in the mesial part of the parietal cortex, area 7m and its vicinity. A virtual building with two floors was created by computer graphics and projected stereoscopically on the 100 inches tangential screen by two liquid crystal projectors. 1.Behavioral aspect : The monkey was trained to navigate from a starting point to a goal room out of its direct view by operating a joystick. As the cue of memory guided navigation, the image of the goal room was presented at the beginning of each trial. The monkeys had learned the routes to 5 goal rooms. After learning the task from the first starting point, they were trained to perform the navigation task from a second starting point which is already familiar to them during the first training session. The second training was completed faster than the first one. Furthermore, we found that the time required for a free-way-finding test from a novel starting point was shortened after the second training. 2.Neuronal aspect : We recorded 364 neurons in the mesial parietal cortex and analyzed correlation between the neuronal activity and several task events. Of the recorded neurons, 150 (41%) responded to at least one of three movements, and 56 (15%) showed movement selectivity, changing their activity depending on the type of the movement. Of the movement-selective neurons, 42 (75%) showed location selectivity, changing their responses to the movements depending on the location in the virtual environment. These neurons became active when the monkey made a specific movement at a specific location and may represent important information to follow a route to a destination.

为了研究认知地图的神经基础，即环境空间布局的表征，我们训练了两只日本猴子在虚拟建筑物中执行导航任务，并记录了顶叶皮质内侧部分，7m区及其附近的神经元活动。利用计算机图形学技术生成一个两层楼的虚拟建筑物，并通过两台液晶投影仪将其立体投影到100英寸的切向屏幕上。1.行为方面：猴子被训练通过操纵操纵杆从起点导航到目标房间。作为记忆引导导航的线索，目标房间的图像在每次试验开始时呈现。猴子们已经学会了通往5个目标房间的路线。在从第一个起点学习任务之后，他们被训练从第二个起点执行导航任务，第二个起点在第一次训练期间已经熟悉。第二次训练比第一次训练完成得更快。此外，我们发现，从一个新的出发点的自由寻路测试所需的时间缩短后，第二次培训。2.神经元方面：我们记录了364个顶叶内侧皮层的神经元，并分析了神经元活动与几个任务事件之间的相关性。在记录的神经元中，150个（41%）对三种运动中的至少一种做出反应，56个（15%）表现出运动选择性，根据运动类型改变它们的活动。在运动选择性神经元中，42个（75%）表现出位置选择性，根据虚拟环境中的位置改变它们对运动的反应。当猴子在特定位置进行特定运动时，这些神经元变得活跃，并可能代表重要的信息，以遵循到达目的地的路线。