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A Study of Popular Opinion and Policy Evaluation under the Stalinist Regime

斯大林政权下的民意与政策评估研究

基本信息

批准号：
13610453
负责人：
MATSUI Yasuhiro
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Kagawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610453/
关键词：
international researchers exchange Russia 1930s Stalinist regime policy public opinion intimate sphere public sphere 共同性公共性国民

项目摘要

The research attempted to elucidate how Soviet people had responded to some epoch-making policies that had been forcibly enforced under Stalin in the 1930s and how they had constructed their opinions and evaluation on the regime. This research project especially focused on the policies concerning the radicalized industrialization and collectivization of agriculture carried out during the period of the end of the 1920s to the beginning of the 1930s and the massive and destructive act of terror performed during the years 1937-1938. The main historical materials used by this study are many citizens' letters addressed to political leaders and editors of soviet newspapers and some diaries written by ordinary people, which are found in some newly opened archives. Through this research project that spanned three years, a considerable spectrum of opinions and the existence of strong dissent among the people, in particular among younger generation, were confirmed.Besides, some additional results were obtained. The first result is the discovery of an unpublished material that shows some aspects of activities of committee for culture and daily life' (kul'turno-bytovaia kommisiia) organized by residents of some apartments located in Kiev region of Moscow, especially activities of self-managed eating house. On the basis of this material, I succeeded to clarify an aspect of community activities that had existed under the Stalinist regime. The second is the discovery of an unpublished collective diary written by four female students who organized a so-called domestic commune at their dormitory room of the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute in the mid-1930s. This diary made it possible to approach the intimate sphere or the proto-public sphere that had survived during Stalin's reign.

该研究试图阐明苏联人民如何回应斯大林在1930年代强行实施的一些划时代政策，以及他们如何构建他们对该政权的看法和评价。该研究项目特别侧重于20世纪20年代末至30年代初实施的激进工业化和农业集体化政策，以及1937年至1938年期间实施的大规模破坏性恐怖行为。本研究所使用的主要史料是新开放的档案馆中发现的许多市民写给政治领导人和苏维埃报纸编辑的信件，以及一些普通人写的日记。通过这一历时三年的研究项目，证实了人们，特别是年轻一代中存在着相当广泛的意见和强烈的异议，此外还取得了一些新的成果。第一个结果是发现了一份未发表的材料，显示了由位于莫斯科基辅地区的一些公寓的居民组织的“文化和日常生活委员会”（kul'turno-bytovaia kommisiia）活动的某些方面，特别是自助餐厅的活动。在这些材料的基础上，我成功地澄清了在斯大林政权下存在的社群活动的一个方面。第二个是发现了一本未发表的集体日记，这本日记是由四名女学生写的，她们于20世纪30年代中期在莫斯科国立师范学院的宿舍里组织了一个所谓的家庭公社。这本日记使人们有可能接近斯大林统治时期幸存下来的私人领域或原始公共领域。