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Comparative Archaeological Studies on the Development Processes of Weapons during the State Formation Period of the Japanese Archipelago and the Korean Peninsular

日本列岛与朝鲜半岛建国时期兵器发展过程的比较考古研究

基本信息

批准号：
13610468
负责人：
MATSUGI Takehiko
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Faculty of Letters, Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research aims to show the process of the development of weapons and to consider its historical background in the Japanese archipelago and the Korean peninsular.At first, the long-term temporal changes of the sorts of weapons and their combination are investigated based on the archaeological data from both areas. In the Japanese archipelago, particular kinds of weapon such as lances which originated in horse riding battle grew too huge to be used in real fights, showing that they were transformed into ritual goods, by the middle of the Yayoi Period. In contrast, such phenomena were hardly observed in Korean peninsular, where various kinds of weapons including lances developed as tools for real battles. It is considered that this divergence stemmed from the difference of socio-political circumstances between these two regions. That is, Korea had been suffered from raiding or invasion by the horse riding armies of Kogryo, while Japan was naturally protected by the sea from such milit … More ary harassments.Secondly, the mutual relationships that can be observed on the way of development processes of weapon between the two areas are considered. Though the weapon in both areas, coming from the same origin, resembled each other until the second and third centuries B.C., they eventually diverged in terms of form, function and their combination. During the fifth centuriy, the two traditions became closer again, involving frequent exchange of styles and technologies. This indicates that the socio-political interaction including military activities among the growing early states (Yamato, Silla, Pekche and other smaller ones such as Kibi, Tsukushi and Daekaya alliance, etc.) in Japan and Korea.At last, the formation mechanism of regional differentiation of weapon is analysed on the basis of cognitive studies. The spatial divergence appeared in artefacts consists of at least three dimensions ; 1)existence or absence of particular sorts of tools, 2)differences in style and design, probably verbalised by people and hence easily emerges or disappears by cultural contagion, 3)subtle differences in pattern of forms, hardly verbalised by people but transmitted persistently through a kind of cultural inheritance. Less

本研究旨在展示日本列岛和朝鲜半岛武器发展的过程并考虑其历史背景。首先，根据两个地区的考古数据调查了武器种类及其组合的长期时间变化。在日本列岛，起源于骑马战斗的长矛等特殊武器变得过于巨大而无法在真正的战斗中使用，这表明它们在弥生时代中期已转变为祭品。相比之下，这种现象在朝鲜半岛却很少出现，包括长枪在内的各种武器已发展成为真正的战斗工具。人们认为这种差异源于这两个地区之间社会政治环境的差异。也就是说，朝鲜曾遭受过高丽骑马军队的袭击或入侵，而日本则自然受到海洋的保护，免受这种军事骚扰。其次，考虑了两个地区之间在武器发展过程中可以观察到的相互关系。尽管这两个地区的武器起源相同，直到公元前二世纪和三世纪为止都彼此相似，但它们最终在形式、功能及其组合方面有所不同。在第五世纪，两种传统再次变得更加紧密，风格和技术的频繁交流。这表明日韩两国成长中的早期国家(大和、新罗、百济以及其他较小的国家如吉备、筑紫、大耶同盟等)之间存在着包括军事活动在内的社会政治互动。最后,在认知研究的基础上分析了武器地域分异的形成机制。文物中出现的空间分歧至少由三个维度组成； 1）特定种类工具的存在或不存在，2）风格和设计的差异，可能是人们用语言表达的，因此很容易通过文化传染而出现或消失，3）形式模式的微妙差异，人们很难用语言表达，但通过一种文化遗产持续传播。较少的