Psycholinguistic research on Japanese sentence comprehension

为了解释人类对语言的理解过程，心理语言学研究是必要的。在这项研究中，解释应该以语言学理论为基础，考虑到心理学实验的结果。然而，在日本，由于这项研究分别在语言学和心理学两个不同的学科中进行，彼此领域的成果既没有得到分享，也没有得到充分利用。因此，本研究旨在通过对日语句子理解过程的关注，综合考察语言学和心理学领域的前人研究成果，为今后的研究指明方向。为此，积极从事日语句子理解研究的研究者应该收集和整理大家到目前为止积累的知识。本文对以下句式进行了研究。(1)在…之前句末动词越多，省略主语的“空主语句”又涉及什么样的过程？(2)语序颠倒的“乱句”难懂吗？(3)容易产生错误解释的“花园小路句”为什么难懂？(4)纠正错误解释的“重新分析”中发生了什么？可以说，本研究是建立在理论和实验相平衡的方法论基础上的，因为这是语言学家和心理学家的联合研究。此外，通过与言语障碍和神经科学的研究相结合，通过与国外研究人员的交流，本研究有可能更深入、更广泛地发展。人类语言理解是人类高级认知活动的代表之一，弄清语言理解的机制可以洞察人类信息加工的一般机制。较少

In order to explain the process of the language understanding by human, psycholinguistic research is necessary. In this research, the explanation should be based on a linguistic theory taking results of psychological experiments into consideration. In Japan, however, because the research had been preceded in two different disciplines of linguistics and psychology respectively, the results of each other's field neither had been shared nor had been made use of fully. Therefore, this research aimed at showing the direction of the future research by paying attention to the process of the "Japanese sentence comprehension" and by examining synthetically the previous researches in the field of linguistics and psychology. In order for that, the researchers who are actively engaged in the research of the Japanese sentence comprehension should gather and put together the knowledge, which everyone accumulated so far. The research of the following sentence constructions was performed. (1)Before a … More sentence final verb appears, what kind of process is involved in the "empty subject sentence" in which the subject is omitted? (2)Is the "scrambled sentence",in which word order is reversed, difficult to understand? (3)Why is the "garden-path sentence",in which one tends to give a wrong interpretation, difficult to comprehend? (4)What happens in the "reanalysis" that corrects the wrong interpretation?It will be said that this research has based on the methodology with a balance between theory and experiment because this is a joint research of linguists and the psychologists. Moreover, this research has the possibility to develop deeper and more widely by connection with the research of speech defect and neuroscience, and by interchange with researchers of foreign countries. Since human language understanding is one representative of the higher-level cognitive activity, we can get penetration to the general mechanism of the human information processing by making clear the mechanism of language understanding. Less