STUDY ON THE CLASSICAL LITERATURE AND FOLKTALE

在希腊和拉丁古典文学中，人们可以找到许多取自民间故事和古老传说的元素。尤其是在史诗和悲剧中，由于神话故事的叙述和大量的民间故事母题，古典作家不仅在个别的情节和题外话中采用了这些元素，而且还将民间故事的叙事形式和模式运用到文学作品的基本结构和发展中。本文运用文献学的方法，对文学创作中这一迄今为止研究得不够深入的方面，特别是史诗和悲剧的主要作品进行了研究，研究结果可分为三大类：一是荷马史诗与现代口头史诗歌曲的比较研究，二是民俗在荷马传记形成和发展中的重要作用，三是荷马史诗与现代口头史诗歌曲的比较研究。3.民间故事对索福克勒斯的《俄狄浦斯》和《俄狄浦斯》的影响。最重要的是，我证明了索福克林的两个版本的俄狄浦斯传说是从他对民间故事的深刻理解中创造出来的，我相信这一结果将被视为对经典研究的重要原创性贡献。

In the Greek and Latin classical literature one can find many elements taken from folktales and old legends. Especially in epic and tragedy, which narrate mythological stories and include many folkloric motifs, classical authors not only adopted these elements in isolated episodes and digressions, but also applied the narrative forms and patterns of folktales to the basic structure and development of their literary works. In this research I investigated, by using the philological method, this aspect of the literary creation which has not been examined enough so far, particularly in the main works of epic and tragedy.The results of my research can be classified into three categories: 1.comparative study of the Homeric poems and modern oral epic songs; 2.important parts played by folklore in the formation and development of Homer's biography; 3.very interesting influence of folktales on Sophocles' "Oedipus Tyrannus" and "Oedipus Coloneus". Above all, I demonstrated that the two Sophoclean versions of the Oedipus legend had been created from his deep understanding of the folktale of "Enfant fatal" and I am sure that this result will be estimated as an important original contribution to the classical studies.