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The transformation of contemporary American liberalism and the development of the theories of "minority rights" : theoretical and practical consequences of "liberalism debate"

当代美国自由主义的转型与“少数人权利”理论的发展：“自由主义辩论”的理论与实践后果

基本信息

批准号：
13620090
负责人：
IIDA Fumio
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13620090/
关键词：
liberalism communitarianism Rawls Kymlicka Dworkin minority マリノリティー

项目摘要

1) This research first attempted to map out the different claims of the second generation liberals in reference to their concrete rights claims. In addition, it also attempted to map out the corresponding critiques of the first generations that have been raised against them. It found out that the different policy implications will result from same conceptions of rights, depending on the concrete political context that the specific political theorist has in mind. It also found out that there exists overlap of arguments between liberals of first and second generations because liberals of the second generation attempted to make most of the latent potentials of the first generations.2) Second, this research attempted to analyze the possible tensions within liberals of the second generations by highlighting the debate between feminists and multiculturalism and its relation to the discourse of liberal theories of the first generations. The research found out that both multiculturalists and f … More eminists tend to integrate their own claims into the more general theory of equality to accommodate the competing claims of each group in a fairer manner. It also found out that these debates between different identity groups significantly affect the ways in which the liberal theorists of the first generations attempt to modify their formulations in the recent years.3) Third, this research compared the notions of political identity and rights in recent American liberal discourse with those of liberals of interwar America and Europe, in addition to those of contemporary Japanese liberal discourse. It found out that there emerged a growing concern for the citizenship theory of interwar liberals such as Marshall due primarily to the discussions among recent multicultural liberals. It also found out that there is an overlap of concerns and arguments between recent Japanese liberals and Western theories of minority cultural rights due to the nationalistic moment latent within both of these discourse. Less

1)本研究首先试图结合第二代自由主义者的具体权利诉求，勾勒出他们的不同诉求。此外，它还试图描绘出对第一代提出的反对他们的相应批评。研究发现，相同的权利概念会产生不同的政策含义，这取决于具体政治理论家所考虑的具体政治背景。调查还发现，第一代自由主义者和第二代自由主义者之间的争论存在重叠，因为第二代自由主义者试图充分利用第一代自由主义者的潜力。2)其次，本研究试图通过强调女权主义者与多元文化主义之间的争论及其与第一代自由主义理论话语的关系，来分析第二代自由主义者内部可能存在的紧张关系。研究发现，无论是多元文化主义者还是女权主义者，都倾向于将自己的主张融入更普遍的平等理论，以更公平的方式容纳每个群体的竞争性主张。研究还发现，这些不同身份群体之间的争论显著影响了近年来第一代自由主义理论家试图修改其表述的方式。(3)第三，本研究将近代美国自由主义话语中的政治认同和权利概念与两次世界大战之间的美欧自由主义者以及当代日本自由主义话语中的政治认同和权利概念进行了比较。研究发现，由于最近多元文化自由主义者之间的讨论，马歇尔等两次世界大战之间的自由主义者对公民身份理论的关注日益增加。研究还发现，最近日本自由主义者与西方少数民族文化权利理论之间的关注和争论存在重叠，这是由于两种话语中都潜藏着民族主义的时刻。少