International Business of Japanese Non-Manufacturing Companies -A Case of Sogo Shosha and Shipping Companies-

日本非制造企业的国际业务-以综合商社和船运公司为例-

• 批准号: 13630138
• 负责人: YOSHIHARA Hideki
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13630138/
• 关键词: Global Operation; International Business; comparative Advantage; Management; 優位性; 非製造業

The purpose of this research project was to analyze characteristics of Japanese multinational firms by examining activities of Sogo Shosha, general trading companies, and shipping companies. Those companies are regarded as forerunners of Japanese companies expanding international businesses from their early stages.Through series of interviews conducted to more than seventy personnel in the lower to higher management level, it was found that those firms administrate their global operation in Japanese Management System, managed by Japanese and in Japanese. This ethno-centric characteristic is commonly seen among Japanese non-manufacturing companies which heavily rely on the business with Japanese clients and supports their global operations.Since Japanese head office staff playing key roles and communicating in Japanese could be smoothly adapted to Japanese clients and head office function, Japanese Management Style had long been a rationalized form of management. However, the findings from this research project concludes that this style of management is becoming the hindrance for Japanese companies which tries to enter into an oversea market and expand business with foreign clients.

这项研究的目的是通过考察综合商社、一般贸易公司和航运公司的活动来分析日本跨国公司的特征。这些公司被认为是日本公司在早期扩张国际业务的先行者。通过对70多名低至高管理层人员的一系列访谈，发现这些公司以日本管理系统管理其全球业务，由日本人管理，并以日本人的语言管理。这种以民族为中心的特点在严重依赖与日本客户的业务并支持其全球运营的日本非制造业公司中很常见。由于发挥关键作用的日本总部员工和用日语沟通的员工可以顺利适应日本客户和总部职能，日式管理风格长期以来一直是一种合理化的管理形式。然而，这一研究项目的结论是，这种管理风格正在成为日本公司试图进入海外市场和扩大与外国客户业务的障碍。

项目成果

吉原 英樹: "総合商社-日本人が日本語で経営-"国民経済雑誌. 187巻第3号. 19-34 (2003)

吉原秀树：“综合商社 - 日本管理”《国民经济杂志》第 187 卷第 3. 19-34 期（2003 年）。

Hiroshi Hoshino: "Global Operations under the Decentralized Organization: A Case of Liner Business of Japanese Shipping Companies"The Bulletin of Japan Academy of International Business Studies. No. 8. 63-76 (2002)

星野浩：《去中心化组织下的全球运营：以日本航运公司班轮业务为例》《日本国际商业研究院会报》。

星野 裕志: "国際経営活動の分権化-海運企業の定期船経営-"国際ビジネス研究学会『国際ビジネス研究学会2002年年報』. 8巻. 63-76 (2002)

星野浩：《国际管理活动的分散化——航运公司的班轮管理》，国际商业研究会，《国际商业研究会2002年年度报告》，第8卷，63-76（2002年）

星野裕志: "国際経営活動の分権化"国際ビジネス研究学会年報. No.8. 63-76 (2002)

星野浩：《国际管理活动的分散化》国际商业研究会年度报告第 8. 63-76 (2002)。

Hideki Yoshihara and Hiroshi Hoshino: "Sogo Shosha: Managed by Japanese and in Japanese"The Kokumin-Keizai-Zasshi (Journal of Economics & Business Administration). Vol. 187 No. 3. 19-34 (2003)

吉原英树和星野浩：“综合商社：由日本人和日本人管理”The Kokumin-Keizai-Zasshi（经济学杂志）