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Studies of release and loss processes of Mercury's atmosphere investigated with ground based optical observations

通过地面光学观测研究水星大气层的释放和损失过程

基本信息

批准号：
13640445
负责人：
MISAWA Hiroaki
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13640445/
关键词：
Mercury Atmosphere ground-based observation 2D imaging Monte-Carlo simulation atmospheric emission

项目摘要

1) Development of the 2D imaging system for Mercury's atmosphericThe 2D imaging system for detection of the atmospheric weak emission layer surrounding Mercury is successfully developed based on the corona-graph technique. The observation wave length is set at the emissions of Na-D lines. The contrast between a weak emission surrounding a bright emission region (observation object) and the bright region is achieved to be 1:1000.2) Observations of Mercury's atmosphere: current statusThe observations were made for Dec. 2001 and April 2002. Due to a hard atmospheric smearing effect caused by a seasonal wind and low altitude of Mercury, reliable images have not been acquired successfully for the periods. However, we could establish observation and analysis methods which are required to derive 2D image of the weak emission layer of Mercury's atmosphere.3) Monte-Carlo simulation analysis for Mercury's atmosphereA Monte-Carlo simulation analysis for neutral and ionized particles has been made to investigate generation processes of Mercury's extended atmosphere, which is observed as the weak emission layer. As the result, it is suggested that plausible processes of the extended atmosphere are ion-sputtering or/and meteoritic vaporization, and the quantitative 2D imaging for the weak emission layer is quite important to determine the proper gas release process.

1)水星大气二维成像系统研制成功基于日冕图技术的水星周围大气弱发射层探测二维成像系统。观测波长设置在Na-D线的发射处。围绕明亮发射区域（观测对象）的弱发射与明亮区域之间的对比达到1:1000.2)水星大气的观测：现状观测于2001年12月和2002年4月进行。由于季节性的风和水星的低海拔造成了强烈的大气涂抹效应，在这段时间内没有成功地获得可靠的图像。然而，我们可以建立观测和分析方法，以获得水星大气弱发射层的二维图像。3)水星大气的蒙特卡罗模拟分析对中性粒子和电离粒子进行了蒙特卡罗模拟分析，研究了水星扩展大气的产生过程，该扩展大气被观测为弱发射层。结果表明，扩展大气的可能过程是离子溅射或/和陨星汽化，弱发射层的定量二维成像对于确定合适的气体释放过程非常重要。