Ignition Control of Mixtures in Internal Combustion Engines

内燃机混合物的点火控制

• 批准号: 13650219
• 负责人: OHTA Yasuhiko
• 金额: $ 0.64万
• 依托单位: Nagoya Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13650219/
• 关键词: Ignition; Internal Combustion Engine; Ignition Cntrol; Formaldehyde; Reciprocating-Piston Engine; Low-Temperature Flames; New Combustion Method; Natural Gas; 着火制御; エネルギー節減; 代替機関; 予混合; 排気ガス

Methane would not generate cool flame during its preflame period in the autoignition processes ; quite different from the higher hydrocarbon fuels including propane, butane, gasoline and diesel oils.・ n-Butane content has more ignition promoting effect compared to ethane and propane for the methane-dominant fuel gases.・ No weighted summing rule of octane/cetane rating is approved, as suited for normal liquid hydrocarbon fuels.Measures should be found out to eliminate the fluctuation of ignition. The most important intermediate during the preflame period up to the hot-flame establishment of hydrocarbon fuels is the formaldehyde, which is closely related to the cool-flame a ppearance. We proposed herewith an ignition-control concept utilizing the gaseous formaldehyde as an additive to maintain stabilized operation of spark-ignited natural gas engines and to realize premixed compression-ignition engines (i.e.homogeneous charge compression ignition engine, HCCI). Lean fuel/air mixtures wit … More h various fuel/fuel ratios between methane and n-butane were supplied to apremixed compression-ignition engine with or without supplementary gaseous formaldehyde induction as an ignition controlling additive. The amount of formaldehyde was hundreds parts per million of total mixtures. The formaldehyde addition to the methane/butane/air mixtures has given the engine desired and stable ignition timings controllable by the amount of formaldehyde to be added, almost independent on the fuel/fuel ratios between methane and butane.A small amount of formaldehyde added into the methane/ butane/air mixtures has given the engine desired and stable ignition timings according to the amount of formaldehyde added, almost independent on the fuel/fuel ratios between methane and butane.・ The amount of formaldehyde added to the fuel/air mixture becomes a sole controlling factor to the ignition tuning. The effect of formaldehyde addition is inhibitory for the mixtures with advanced hot-flame ignition timings as contrasted with a promoting effect to the mixtures wilh retarded ignition timings.・Troubles due to the day-by-day ignition-characteristic fluctuation of the engine fuel gases can be eliminated by using a small amount of formaldehyde for the premixed compression-ignition and spark-ignited natural gas engines.・Operating range of premixed compression-ignition engine expands to both methane-abundant and butane-abundant directions.Formaldehyde is efficacious as an ignition controlling medium for the hydroribon/air mixtures in engine cylinders. The effect of formaldehyde leading to the ignition would be an inhibitory event for the cool-flame generating constituent and a promoting event of the preflame reaction of the non-cool-flame generating constituent in the fuel gases. Less

甲烷在自燃过程中，在预燃期内不会产生冷火焰，与丙烷、丁烷、汽油和柴油等高级烃类燃料有很大不同。对于以甲烷为主的燃气，正丁烷含量比乙烷和丙烷具有更大的点火促进作用。·不批准适用于普通液态烃燃料的辛烷值/十六烷值加权求和规则，应设法消除着火波动。在碳氢燃料的预燃期直至热火焰建立期间，最重要的中间产物是甲醛，它与冷火焰现象密切相关。本文提出了一种利用气态甲醛作为添加剂来维持火花点火天然气发动机稳定运行并实现预混合压燃发动机（即均质充量压燃发动机，HCCI）的点火控制概念。贫燃料/空气混合物， ...更多信息 在有或没有气态甲醛作为点火控制添加剂的情况下，将甲烷与正丁烷的不同燃料/燃料比供给到预混合压燃式发动机。甲醛的量为总混合物的百万分之几百。向甲烷/丁烷/空气混合物中添加甲醛使发动机获得了所需的稳定点火正时，该点火正时可通过添加甲醛的量来控制，几乎与甲烷和丁烷之间的燃料/燃料比无关。几乎与甲烷和丁烷之间的燃料/燃料比无关。·添加到燃料/空气混合物中的甲醛的量成为点火调整的唯一控制因素。甲醛的加入对提前点火的混合物有抑制作用，而对延迟点火的混合物有促进作用。对于预混合压燃式和火花点火式天然气发动机，通过使用少量甲醛，可以消除由于发动机燃气点火特性逐日波动而引起的故障。·预混合压燃式发动机的工作范围向富甲烷和富丁烷方向扩展，甲醛作为发动机气缸内碳氢/空气混合物的点火控制介质是有效的。甲醛对可燃气体中冷焰生成组分的点火作用是抑制作用，对非冷焰生成组分的燃前反应是促进作用。少

项目成果

M.Furutani, Y.Ohta, M.Nose: "Nitric Oxide Circumstances in Nitrogen-Oxide Seeded Low-Temperature Powling-Burner Flames"Proceedings of Int'l Conference メ Progress in Fluid Dynamics and Reactive Flows モ,<Modern Problems of Mechanics>,Almaty,Kazakhstan. 254-

M.Furutani、Y.Ohta、M.Nose：“氮氧化物种子低温 Powling-Burner 火焰中的一氧化氮环境”流体动力学和反应流国际会议进展<现代力学问题>论文集，阿拉木图，哈萨克斯坦。254-

山谷, 古谷, 太田: "ホルムアルデヒドによる天然ガス予混合圧縮自着火機関の着火時期安定化"第17回内燃機関シンポジウム. 17. 20026016 (2002)

Yamatani、Furuya、Ohta：“通过甲醛实现天然气预混压缩自点火发动机点火正时的稳定性”第十七届内燃机研讨会。20026016（2002）。

M.Furutani, T.Isogai, Y.Ohta: "Ignition Characteristics of Gaseous Fuels and Their Difference Elimination for SI and HCCI Gas Engines"SAE Paper 2003-01-1857/JSAE Paper 20030282. 1-6 (2003)

M.Furutani、T.Isogai、Y.Ohta：“SI 和 HCCI 燃气发动机的气体燃料的点火特性及其差异消除”SAE Paper 2003-01-1857/JSAE Paper 20030282. 1-6 (2003)

T.Isogai, M.Furutani and Y.Ohta: "Invited Paper. "Ignition Characteristics Fluctuation of Fuel Gas and its Elimination far Natural Gas Engines""Third Dessau Gas Engine Conference. (2003)

T.Isogai、M.Furutani 和 Y.Ohta：“特邀论文。“燃气发动机点火特性波动及其消除”“第三届德绍燃气发动机会议”。

M.Furutani, T.Isogai, Y.Ohta: "Ignition Characteristics of Gaseous Fuels and Their Differences Elimination for SI and HCCI Gas Engines"SAE Fuel and Lubricant Meeting, 2003 Spring, Yokohama. (発表予定). (2003)

M.Furutani、T.Isogai、Y.Ohta：“SI 和 HCCI 燃气发动机的气体燃料的点火特性及其差异消除”SAE 燃料和润滑油会议，2003 年春季，横滨（2003 年）。