Effect of Suspended Particulate Matters ion Cultural Properties in Museums

悬浮颗粒物（SPM）是一种吸附剂，携带大量的空气污染物和空气中的真菌。它们从公共卫生的角度进行了大量的研究，但很少讨论博物馆中文物的保存。本研究从博物馆内空气污染物对文物的化学和生物危害的角度出发，对博物馆内空气中悬浮颗粒物的测量方法进行了研究。JIS方法噪音很大，博物馆工作人员不选择这种方法，因为噪音采样会干扰客人欣赏文物。本研究采用了一种新的采样方法，即用泵收集颗粒物，并将其喷洒在玻璃上的胶带上，然后用光学显微镜观察。结果表明，在没有安装空调的博物馆中，悬浮颗粒物的数量随室外空气的变化而变化，而墙壁上的颗粒物数量受表面粗糙度和墙壁湿度的影响很大。此外，许多真菌被包含在颗粒上，并且发现颗粒上的真菌的存活率高。颗粒的数量还取决于表面材料的特性，并且发现聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯可以用作真菌的收集板，因为它容易将收集在表面上的所有颗粒转化为用于培养真菌的培养基。

Suspended particulate matters (SPM) are known to be absorbents which carry great quantity of air contaminants as well as air-borne fungi. They were much studied in the view of public health, but they are scarcely discussed for the preservation of artifacts in museums. In this study, measuring method of SPMs in the view of chemical and biological damage to the cultural properties were studied in order to evaluate the air quality in museums.Contaminants quantity of SPMs in museums was very few and it was found that it is not easy to measure by the method provided by JIS. JIS method is very noisy and it is not selected by the museum workers because noisy sampling will disturb guests to appreciate the artifacts. A new sampling method adopted in this study is as follows ; particulates are collected by pump and they are sprayed to adhesive tape on the glass, then they are observed with optical microscope. As a result, quantity of SPMs in museums where the air conditioner was not installed fluctuated according to outdoor air fluctuation.Quantity of particulates on the wall was very affected by the surface roughness as well as dampness on the wall. Also a lot of fungi were included onto particulates and viability of fungi on the particulates was found to be high.Quantity of particulates also depended on the characteristics of surface material and it was found that polyethylene telephthalate can be used as a collection plate for fungi because it was easy to convert all the particulates collected on the surface to mediums for cultivation of fungi.