Analysis of the mechanism of chromosome elimination in super-wide cross of crops

作物超宽杂交染色体消除机制分析

• 批准号: 13660010
• 负责人: TSUJIMOTO Hisashi
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Tottori University (2002)Yokohama City University (2001)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660010/
• 关键词: wheat; maize; wide cross; embryo culture; genetic resources; spindle fiber; FISH; whole mount

When maize was pollinated to wheat, the sperm cell fertilizes to the egg cell of wheat. But, the maize chromosomes eliminate soon, which results production of wheat haploid plant. In order to know the mechanism of this chromosome elimination in super-wide cross, we first developed a method to make sections using Technovit 700 lesion for Genomic in situ hybridization. In addition, we tried to perform FISH to the whole embryo sac cells of wheat just after fertilization of maize pollen. The signals were observed by confocal laser microscope and fluorescent microscope with decombolution system. The results indicated: 1. The wheat egg nucleus fuses with the sperm nucleus of maize, 2. The first zygotic cell division starts before mixing of the both nuclei, 3. Most maize chromosomes eliminate in the first division, 4. Spindle fibers do not attach to the maize centromeres in anaphase though the centromeres exhibit constriction.

当玉米授粉给小麦时，精细胞受精给小麦的卵细胞。但是，玉米染色体很快就消失了，导致小麦单倍体植株的产生。为了了解超远缘杂交中染色体消除的机理，我们首先建立了一种利用Technovit 700损伤制作切片进行基因组原位杂交的方法。此外，我们还尝试对玉米花粉受精后的小麦胚囊细胞进行了荧光原位杂交。用激光共聚焦显微镜和荧光显微镜观察信号。结果表明：1.小麦卵核与玉米精核融合;第一次合子细胞分裂在两个核混合之前开始，3。大多数玉米染色体在第一次分裂时消失，4。纺锤体纤维不附着在玉米着丝粒上，但着丝粒在后期收缩。

项目成果

K.Mochida: "Development of a genomic in situ hybridization method using Technovit 7100 sections of early wheat embryo"Biotechnic and Histochemistry. 76. 257-260 (2001)

K.Mochida：“使用早期小麦胚的 Technovit 7100 切片开发基因组原位杂交方法”生物技术和组织化学。

K.MOCHIDA: "Development of a genomic in situ hybridization method using technovit 7100 sections of wheat embryo"Biotechnic and Histochemistry. 76. 257-260 (2001)

K.MOCHIDA：“使用 technovit 7100 小麦胚切片开发基因组原位杂交方法”生物技术和组织化学。

K. Machida: "Development of a genomic in situ hybridization method using technovit 700 sections of wheat embryo"Biotechnic and Histochemistry. 76. 257-260 (2001)

K. Machida：“使用 technovit 700 小麦胚切片开发基因组原位杂交方法”生物技术和组织化学。

K.Mochida: "Development of a genomic in situ hybridization method using Techinovit7100 Sections of early wheat embryo"Biotechnic and Histochemistry. 76. 257-260 (2001)

K.Mochida：“使用早期小麦胚的 Techinovit7100 切片开发基因组原位杂交方法”生物技术和组织化学。