Investigation of seasonal and cultivar differences of water uptake and transpiration in vase life

瓶插寿命吸水蒸腾季节和品种差异的调查

• 批准号: 13660025
• 负责人: OHKAWA Kiyoshi
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Shizuoka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660025/
• 关键词: Rose; Cut flower; Bent neck; Water balance; Water absorption; Transpiration; Vase life; Vascular bundle; 維管束構造; 吸水量; 蒸散量; 水揚げ

With 'Asami Red', transpiration was greater than water uptake autumn to winter. Water balance rapidly decreased and vase like deteriorated. Increased transpiration resulted when relative humidity decreased in postharvest. This was related to the increase in water loss from leaves. Although water uptake and transpiration with 'Tineke' increased from autumn to winter, the water uptake always exceeded the transpiration, the vase life was not shortened unlike 'Asami Red'. Moreover, water loss of detatched leaves was constant through out the year. The increase in transpiration was due to the increased leaf area rather than to the decrease in postharvest humidity. RNA-Ag+tris treatment at harvest consistently improved vase life of both cultivars. Especially this was true from autumn to spring, the effect on vase life was higher in 'Asami Red' than in 'Tineke'.Brittle leaves of 'Asami Red' developed in November when air humidity under production increased. The degree of development was related to high air humidity during the early development of the leaves.Transpiration of cut 'Asami Red' flowers with brittle leaves was high. The water balance decreased at an early stage and vase life was short. It was observed that brittle leaves developed at lower nodes of the stem, and that vase life was improved by removing the leaves below the 3rd node. RNA・Ag+tris treatments inhibited excessive water loss not only from individual brittle leaves, but also from cut flowers with brittle leaves, which resulted in improved vase life.Vase life and water characteristics of cut rose flowers harvested in winter differed between cultivars. Although more brittle leaves occurred in this cultivars with many stomata, water balance and vase life was affected not by the number, but by the response of stomata.

从秋到冬，“朝霞红”的蒸腾量大于吸水量。水分平衡迅速下降，花瓶状变差。采后相对湿度降低导致蒸腾作用增加。这与叶片失水量增加有关。虽然从秋季到冬季，“Tineke”的吸水量和蒸腾量都有所增加，但吸水量始终超过蒸腾量，瓶插寿命并没有像“Asami Red”那样缩短。此外，离体叶片的水分损失是恒定的全年。蒸腾作用的增加是由于叶面积的增加，而不是由于采后湿度的降低。RNA-Ag+tris处理在收获一致提高两个品种的瓶插寿命。尤其是秋、春两季，对瓶插寿命的影响，‘朝美红’高于‘天内克’。叶片发育的程度与发育初期空气湿度大有关，叶片脆的‘朝见红’切花蒸腾量高。瓶插初期水分平衡下降，瓶插寿命短。观察到茎的较低节处发育出脆叶，并且通过去除第3节以下的叶子可以提高瓶插寿命。RNA·Ag+tris处理不仅抑制了脆叶的失水，而且抑制了脆叶切花的失水，提高了切花的瓶插寿命。虽然气孔多的品种易发生叶片脆化，但叶片水分平衡和瓶插寿命不受气孔数量的影响，而受气孔反应的影响。