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On body in modern Chinese thoughts and culture : An analysis based on gender studies

论中国现代思想文化中的身体：基于性别研究的分析

基本信息

批准号：
13837006
负责人：
SAKAMOTO Hiroko
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
HITOTSUBASHI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Developing my recent research on the anti-footbinding movement and the eugenic idea which had prevailed from the West to Asia from late 19^<th> century to early 20^<th> century under historical conditions related to national policy and model of family, I examined how body of modern Chinese women had shaped and had been trained or controlled to be nationalized throughut the period in which nation was built and involved in the world oriented by social Darwinism while China was in danger of losing her territory. In this study, taking the gender studies approach, I analyzed various representations in new media such as magazines and newspapers and pointed out new women had to make use of eugenics and birth control both of which were national control over people's reproduction to fight against Confucian patriarchy. Observing postcards, on which bodies of footbounded women were illustrated, sent by the Westerners from China to Europe, I also found the eyes of Empire or Orientalist. The similar eyes could be found not only in Chinese intellectuals who internalized the West and looked down footbounded women, who took time to liberate their feet, as the symbol of 'Chinese backwardness' but also in intellectual women who partly internalized the men and stepped out of private sphere to public sphere to some extent. Fox example, both Chinese men and women who were highly educated looked down Korean people colonized by Japanese rather than accused Japanese of injustice.

本文以19世纪末20世纪初从西方到亚洲盛行的反缠足运动和优生思想<th>为研究对象，<th>在国家政策和家庭模式的历史条件下，考察了在中国面临国土丧失的危险时，在社会达尔文主义的国家建立和融入世界的过程中，现代中国女性的身体是如何被塑造和训练或控制以实现国家化的。本研究以社会性别研究的方法，分析新媒体如杂志、报纸等的种种表现，指出新女性必须利用优生、节育这两种国家控制生育的手段，来对抗儒家的父权制。观察明信片，在脚上的妇女的身体说明，由西方人从中国发送到欧洲，我也发现了帝国或东方主义者的眼睛。这种相似的目光不仅存在于中国知识分子中，他们内化了西方，看不起那些需要时间来解放双脚的缠足女性，认为她们是“中国落后”的象征，也存在于知识女性中，她们部分内化了男性，在某种程度上走出了私人领域，走向了公共领域。例如，受过高等教育的中国男女都看不起被日本殖民的朝鲜人民，而不是指责日本人的不公正。