Involvement of immune system to the inferior alveolar nerve injury.

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Eliav et al. (Pain 83 162-182, 1999) reported that peripheral neuritis of the rat sciatic nerve induced hyperalgesia and allodynia.We modified the Eliav's model in order to prevent physical stimulation to the sciatic nerve. Oxycel was directly placed on the sciatic nerve without any touch of instruments, and saturated with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). ED-1 (a marker for macrophages), TNFalpha and IL-1beta immunoreactivity were detected from post-operative day 1 by immunohistochemistry. TNFalpha and IL-1beta immunoreactive cells were thought to be Schwann cells. Myelin basic protein was abolished on the sciatic nerve. This suggests that demuelination was occurred in the sciatic nerve. Furthermore, dorsal root ganglion neurons expressed Neuropeptide Y, GAP-43 and ATF3, which were well known to be expressed on axotomized DRG neurons.Those findings suggested that activating of peripheral immune system might induce peripheral nerve injury.