Effects of Food Restriction during Pregnancy and Lactation on the Health of Maternal Body and Progeny

研究了孕期和哺乳期大鼠能量限制对母体和子代生长的影响。对照组饲粮中添加20%酪蛋白和L蛋氨酸。限制组大鼠在孕期和哺乳期分别以15%(R15)、30%(R30)和50%(R50)的能量限制率饲喂酪蛋白饲料。R30组和R50组新生仔鼠生长发育迟缓。出生后3周，所有限制组的子代均出现生长发育迟缓。结果表明，能量限制率越高，子代生长发育迟缓越严重。在出生后5周，R50组大鼠的子代出现生长发育迟缓，研究了孕期和哺乳期不同的蛋白质和限食对大鼠母体和子代生长的影响。自由采食组大鼠饲喂20%酪蛋白饲料(C组)或20%大豆分离蛋白饲料(S饲料)。限制组大鼠在妊娠期和哺乳期分别给予酪蛋白饲料(CR)或酪蛋白饲料(SR)，其比例为随机组的负30%。与S组相比，SR组新生仔猪生长发育迟缓。在出生后3周，限制组的子代比自由组的子代生长迟缓，SPI组的子代比酪蛋白组的子代生长迟缓。结果表明，孕期限食对母体和子代生长发育影响不大，但孕期和哺乳期限食对母体和子代生长有显着影响。在哺乳期，母亲饮食中的蛋白质质量很重要，即使是在临时分组中也是如此。

Influence of energy restriction in rats during pregnancy and lactation on the maternal body and the growth of progeny were studied. The control was a 20% casein diet supplemented with L-methionine. Rats of restricted groups were given casein diet at energy restriction rate of either 15% (R15), 30% (R30) or 50% (R50) during pregnancy and lactation. Retardation of growth was observed in newborn pups of R30 and R50 groups. At 3weeks after birth, the retardation of growth was observed in the progeny of all restricted groups. It was observed that the higher the rate of energy restriction, the more severe the growth retardation of progeny. At 5 weeks after birth, the progeny of R50 groups showed the retardation of growth compared with the other groups.Effects of difference of protein and food restriction during pregnancy and lactation on the rat maternal body and the growth of progeny were studied. Rats of ad libitum groups were fed 20% casein diets (C) or 20% soy protein isolate (SPI) diets (S). Rats of restricted groups were given casein diets (CR) or SPI diets (SR) at rate of minus 30% of ad libitum groups during pregnancy and lactation. Retardation of growth was observed in newborn pups of SR group, compared with S group. At 3 weeks after birth the retardation of growth was observed in the progeny of restricted groups compared with ad libitum groups, and in the progeny of SPI groups, compared with casein groups. We concluded that the food restriction during pregnancy had little effect on the maternal body and the growth of progeny with a high quality protein food but food restriction through pregnancy and lactation affected them remarkably. In the lactation period a quality of protein in the maternal diets was important even in ad libitum groups.