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Development of a real time stereo phase microscope

实时体视显微镜的研制

基本信息

批准号：
14205008
负责人：
TANJI Takayoshi
金额：
$ 34.94万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Transmission electron microscope(TEM) images are intrinsically two-dimensional projections of specimens wherein information along the incident electron beam direction is lost. Three-dimensional(3-D) observations by TEM, however, are indispensable in material science studies for observing dislocations, precipitates, voids, and so on. Moreover, it is also a very effective technique in biomedical sciences, for example, for structure analysis of cell membranes and nervous tissues. The principle of stereoscopic electron micrography was proposed in 1940s, thereafter, many investigations using stereographic 3-D observation have been carried out. Such stereoscopic microcopy is that we take two micrographs projected along two different directions with tilting specimens and develop the films and print them, then we can observe by special glasses at last. Computer tomography(CT) was introduced in the early 1980s, especially in molecular biology it has been developed into the electron crystallogra … More phy by combining the electron imaging with the electron diffraction. Recently, progressive mechanical accuracy of electron microscopes and the development of clever software have encouraged 3-D reconstructions using CT. All electron microscope manufacturers enforce installing the CT system to their microscopes, which can acquire image series quickly and automatically reconstruct. The techniques used thus far in TEM for 3-D imaging require the specimens to be stable, because the stereo method requires taking two images projected along the different directions by tilting a specimen, and the CT necessitates the acquisition oftens of images, which can take several tens of seconds to a few hours.In this research, a new transmission electron microscope that allows for stereoscopic observations in real time at a video rate has been developed. In order to make stereo pairs at a high speed, illumination of a specimen from two directions instead of specimen tilting is adopted. Three dimensional displays give observers a stereo impression without the need for special glasses. A lateral resolution less than 1 nm and a longitudinal resolution of 6.3 nm are possible with a proper defocused condition. This expectation of the resolution is confirmed for the image of Au fine particles. The motion of objects in the lateral direction can be detected up to a speed of 8.3 nm/s. Fine particles of ZnO and dislocations in aluminum and stainless steal thin films were observed using this microscope. This microscope can be utilized to a stereoscopic electron holograph microscope. Realization of real time stereoscopic electron holography is confirmed by combining a stereoscopic electron holography microscope and an optical reconstruction system. Less

透射电子显微镜（TEM）图像本质上是样品的二维投影，其中沿着入射电子束方向的信息沿着丢失。然而，TEM三维观测在材料科学研究中是不可缺少的，可以观察位错、沉淀物、空洞等，在生物医学研究中也是非常有效的技术，例如，可以用于细胞膜和神经组织的结构分析。体视电子显微术的原理在20世纪40年代被提出，此后，人们利用体视电子显微术进行了许多研究。这种立体显微照相是将倾斜的标本沿沿着两个不同方向投影两张显微照片，将胶片显影、打印，最后用专用眼镜进行观察。计算机断层扫描技术（CT）于20世纪80年代初被引入，特别是在分子生物学领域，它已发展成为电子晶体扫描技术。 ...更多信息通过结合电子成像和电子衍射，最近，电子显微镜的机械精度和智能软件的发展鼓励了使用CT进行三维重建。各电子显微镜制造商都强制在其显微镜上安装CT系统，该系统可以快速获取图像序列并自动重建。迄今为止在TEM中用于3-D成像的技术要求样品是稳定的，因为立体方法需要通过倾斜样品来拍摄沿沿着不同方向投影的两个图像，而CT需要采集数十个图像，这可能需要几十秒到几个小时。已经开发了一种新的透射电子显微镜，其允许以视频速率在真实的时间中进行立体观察。为了使立体对在一个高速，从两个方向，而不是标本倾斜照明的标本。三维显示器给观察者一个立体的印象，而不需要特殊的眼镜。在适当的离焦条件下，横向分辨率小于1 nm，纵向分辨率为6.3nm是可能的。对于Au微粒的图像，证实了这种分辨率的期望。物体在横向方向上的运动可以检测到高达8.3 nm/s的速度。利用该显微镜观察了铝和不锈钢薄膜中的ZnO微粒和位错。该显微镜可用于体视电子全息显微镜。将体视电子全息显微镜与光学再现系统相结合，实现了真实的时间体视电子全息。少