Development of Benign Chemical Processes on Nano-seized Reaction Environments

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Development of highly efficient chemical processes with no harmful waste is an important subject from an environmental viewpoint. In our project, development of organic reactions in water and development of polymer-immobilized catalysts have been focused. The results obtained are summarized below.1.Organic reaction in water is one of the most promising methods in environmental benign chemical processes. Furthermore, water sometimes plays an interesting role on reactivity and selectivity of organic reactions. We carried out investigations of organic reactions in water, and it was found that a Brφnsted acid-surfactant combined catalyst worked as a good reaction promoter in dehydrating reactions in water by forming hydrophobic reaction environments. We also showed that polymer supported Brφnsted acid is effective in several reactions in water ; for example, dehydrating reactions, deprotecting reactions of alcohols, etc. Moreover, highly enantioselective Mannich-type reactions and hydroxymethylation in aqueous media were also achieved. Those results would inspire that water is a promising solvent.2.Highly functionalized organometallic catalysts were sometimes harmful to human body and environment. Therefore, it is important to develop chemical processes without any organometallic waste. Our group has already developed microencapsulate methods for immobilizing metal-containing catalysts. In this project, we focused immobilization of useful metal-containing catalysts, ruthenium, palladium and osmium compounds. Those reagents were successfully immobilized on novel polymers with perfect recovery and reuse. Those catalysts were also employed in metathesis, hydrogenation, and asymmetric dihydroxylation of olefins with high efficiency. The results obtained would contribute to development of clean chemical processes.