Eighteenth-Century Women and 'the Weak' - the cultural milieu of Charity and Mother-Child Relationship

这项研究的目的是通过阅读阿尔索普手稿材料和出版的文献来考察18世纪英国妇女的活动和她们的自我分析。我的关注点是照顾者和被照顾者的关爱。在那个感情用事的时代，人们特别关注对弱者和不幸的人的同情反应，认为这是他们日常生活和文学中的趋势。2003年夏天，我在伦敦逗留期间取得了丰硕的成果，使我能够阅读大英图书馆手稿收藏中的阿尔索普论文和出版的马格达伦书籍。我的两篇论文--还有一篇即将提交--是这篇文章的直接产物。一种是在个人慈善现场调查捐赠者和有需要的人之间的关系。它考察了生活和文学之间的有趣关系，以及一位富有的妇女和一位请愿人之间的有趣关系，这种关系是由两位妇女的阅读和写作习惯建立和支持的。第二篇论文是关于在有组织的慈善机构中对“不幸”女性的看法。它分析了人们对妓女态度的变化以及慈善机构的角色。该慈善组织试图说服人们将妓女视为受害者，一个不幸的女人。这有助于建立该组织，吸引同情的响应，特别是妇女的响应，并有助于筹集捐款。然而，它也有助于从一个以前杂乱无章的扒手、妓女、流浪汉和夜行者群体中界定出一个无助的妓女，一个很容易被抛弃的绝望的流浪汉，一个19世纪的堕落女人。我还完成了一篇关于疗养地巴斯垂死的丈夫的护理的论文，以及一篇关于巴斯一位贫穷的文学女性的护理网络的论文。

The aim of this research was to examine women's activities and their self-analysis in eighteenth-century Britain, depending on reading of the Althorp manuscript materials and published literature. My focus was on care on the caregiver's part as well as on the side of the cared in the age of 'sensibility' when people paid particular attention to sympathetic reactions to the weak and the unfortunate and felt it was the trend in their everyday life as well as literary.My stay in London during the summer in 2003 was fruitful, enabling reading of the Althorp papers in the Manuscript collection at the British Library and of published Magdalen books. Two of my papers - and another to be submitted - are direct products of this reading. One investigated the relationship between the benefactor and the needy in the site of personal charity. It examined the interesting relationship between life and literature and between a wealthy woman and one of the petitioners, which was established and supported by the reading and writing habits of the two women. A second paper is on the perception of the ‘unfortunate' women in an organized charity. It analyses the changing attitudes to prostitutes and the role of the charity. The charitable organization tried to persuade people to regard prostitutes as a victim, an unfortunate woman. This was helpful in establishing the organization, in inviting sympathetic response, especially from women, and in collecting donation. However, it also helped to define, from a formerly amorphous group of pickpockets, whores, vagabonds and nightwalkers, a helpless prostitute, which easily transmuted into a desperate outcast, a fallen woman in the nineteenth century.I have also finished a paper on the care of a dying husband in the health resort, Bath and a paper on the care network of a literary poor woman in Bath.