Immobilization of Aqueous Heavy Metals with Non-apatites-type Apatites

摘要描述为遵循提交的项目平面。2002年的Re.Plane 1：基于溶解沉淀机理，发现磷酸钙和磷酸氢钙可以吸附水溶液中的重金属。特别是磷酸一氢钙能吸附多种重金属。Re. 2003年2号飞机：镁和钙的硫酸盐揭示了。结果表明，该硫酸盐可作为固定剂从汽车电池废液中去除铅。关于2003年的平面1：磷酸氢钠和磷酸氢钾作为固定化试剂，它们是廉价的，并且具有比以往使用的磷酸盐更大的溶解度。这些碱金属磷酸氢盐在30 mm内提供了优异的可去除性，表明固定能力的性质不是羟基磷灰石钙所特有的，而是各种磷酸盐的共同性质。2003年的Re.Plane 2：磷酸水溶液和氨水可以用氧化镁和氯化镁固定，得到磷酸铝镁（MAP），其可以用作缓效肥料。特别是在固定过程中的pH值的调节被发现是重要的，以顺利进行固定。固体~（31）P MASNMR表明，虽然XRD只显示MAP的信号，但很难得到高纯度的MAP。关于2003年的平面3：已经知道，从用各种磷酸盐固定含水重金属中回收的固体由于低结晶度而不能通过XRD鉴定。然而，从用磷酸氢钾固定铜（II）离子回收的固体可以通过XRD和固态31 P MAS NMR的组合鉴定为Cu（PO 4）（OH）2。

The summary was described as followed the projects planes submitted. Re.Plane 1 on 2002 : Based on the dissolution precipitation mechanism, it was found that calcium phosphate and calcium hydrogen phosphates could immobilize aqueous heavy metals. Particularly calcium monohydrogen phosphate could immobilize various heavy metals. Re. Plane 2 on 2003 : Magnesium and calcium sulfates revealed the. great removabilities of aqueous lead, indicating that those sulfates could be employed as a immobilization reagent from waste solutions in car-batteries. Re.Plane 1 on 2003 : Sodium and than potassium hydrogen phosphates, which are cheap and possess greater solubilities phosphates ever employed, were supplied as the immobilization reagents. Those alkali hydrogen phosphates afforded the excellent removabilities within 30 mm, indicating that the nature of the immobilization abilities is not unique for calcium hydroxyapatite but common properties for various phosphates. Re.Plane 2 on 2003 : Aqueous phosphate and ammonia, could be favorablely immobilized with magnesia and magnesium chloride to afford magnesium aluminum phosphate (MAP), which can be used as a slow-acting fertilizer. Particularly the adjustment of pH during the immobilization was found to be important to proceed smoothly for the immobilization. Solid state 31P MAS NMR showed that it was rather difficult to obtain high pure MAP although XRD afforded signals only due to MAP. Re.Plane 3 on 2003 : It has been already known that the solids recovered from the immobilization of aqueous heavy metals with various phosphates cannot be identified by XRD due to low crystalline. However the solid recovered from the immobilization of copper (II) ion with potassium hydrogen phosphate could be identified as Cu(P04)(OH)2 by the combination of XRD and solid state 31P MAS NMR.